176 lines
8.9 KiB
Markdown
176 lines
8.9 KiB
Markdown
,
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/ \,,_ .'|
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,{{| /}}}}/_.' _____________________________________________
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}}}}` '{{' '. / \
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{{{{{ _ ;, \ / Ladies and Gentlemen, \
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,}}}}}} /o`\ ` ;) | |
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{{{{{{ / ( | this is ... |
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}}}}}} | \ | |
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{{{{{{{{ \ \ | |
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}}}}}}}}} '.__ _ | | _____ __ __ _ |
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{{{{{{{{ /`._ (_\ / | / ___/__ ______ / /_____ ______/ /_(_)____ |
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}}}}}}' | //___/ --=: \__ \/ / / / __ \/ __/ __ `/ ___/ __/ / ___/ |
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jgs `{{{{` | '--' | ___/ / /_/ / / / / /_/ /_/ (__ ) /_/ / /__ |
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}}}` | /____/\__, /_/ /_/\__/\__,_/____/\__/_/\___/ |
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| /____/ |
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| /
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\_____________________________________________/
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Syntastic is a syntax checking plugin that runs files through external syntax
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checkers and displays any resulting errors to the user. This can be done on
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demand, or automatically as files are saved. If syntax errors are detected, the
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user is notified and is happy because they didn't have to compile their code or
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execute their script to find them.
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At the time of this writing, syntax checking plugins exist for Ada,
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AppleScript, AsciiDoc, Bourne shell, C, C++, C#, Chef, CoffeeScript, Coco,
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Coq, CSS, Cucumber, CUDA, D, Dart, DocBook, Dust, Elixir, Erlang, eRuby,
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Fortran, Gentoo metadata, Go, Haml, Haskell, Haxe, Handlebars, HSS, HTML, Java,
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JavaScript, JSON, LESS, Limbo, LISP, LLVM intermediate language, Lua, MATLAB,
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NASM, Objective-C, Objective-C++, OCaml, Perl, Perl POD, PHP, gettext Portable
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Object, Puppet, Python, Racket, reStructuredText, Ruby, Rust, SASS/SCSS, Scala,
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Slim, Tcl, TeX, Twig, TypeScript, Vala, Verilog, VHDL, xHtml, XML, XSLT, YAML,
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z80, Zope page templates, zsh.
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## Screenshot
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Below is a screenshot showing the methods that Syntastic uses to display syntax
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errors. Note that, in practise, you will only have a subset of these methods
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enabled.
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1. Errors are loaded into the location list for the corresponding window.
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2. When the cursor is on a line containing an error, the error message is echoed in the command window.
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3. Signs are placed beside lines with errors - note that warnings are displayed in a different color.
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4. There is a configurable statusline flag you can include in your statusline config.
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5. Hover the mouse over a line containing an error and the error message is displayed as a balloon.
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6. (not shown) Highlighting errors with syntax highlighting. Erroneous parts of lines can be highlighted.
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## Installation
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Installing syntastic is easy but first you need to have the pathogen plugin installed. If you already
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have pathogen working then skip Step 1 and go to Step 2.
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### Step 1: Install pathogen.vim
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First I'll show you how to install tpope's [pathogen.vim](https://github.com/tpope/vim-pathogen) so that
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it's easy to install syntastic. Do this in your Terminal so that you get the pathogen.vim file
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and the directories it needs:
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mkdir -p ~/.vim/autoload ~/.vim/bundle; \
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curl -so ~/.vim/autoload/pathogen.vim \
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https://raw.github.com/tpope/vim-pathogen/master/autoload/pathogen.vim
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Next you *need to add this* to your ~/.vimrc:
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execute pathogen#infect()
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### Step 2: Install syntastic as a pathogen bundle
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You now have pathogen installed and can put syntastic into ~/.vim/bundle like this:
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cd ~/.vim/bundle
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git clone https://github.com/scrooloose/syntastic.git
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Quit vim and start it back up to reload it, then type:
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:Helptags
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If you get an error when you do this, then you probably didn't install pathogen right. Go back to
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step 1 and make sure you did the following:
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1. Created both the ~/.vim/autoload and ~/.vim/bundle directories.
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2. Added the "call pathogen#infect()" line to your ~/.vimrc file
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3. Did the git clone of syntastic inside ~/.vim/bundle
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4. Have permissions to access all of these directories.
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## Google group
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To get information or make suggestions check out the [google group](https://groups.google.com/group/vim-syntastic).
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## FAQ
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__Q. I installed syntastic but it isn't reporting any errors...__
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A. The most likely reason is that none of the syntax checkers that it requires is installed. For example: python requires either `flake8`, `pyflakes` or `pylint` to be installed and in `$PATH`. To see which executables are supported, just look in `syntax_checkers/<filetype>/*.vim`. Note that aliases do not work; the actual executable must be available in your `$PATH`. Symbolic links are okay. You can see syntastic's idea of available checkers by running `:SyntasticInfo`.
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Another reason it could fail is that either the command line options or the error output for a syntax checker may have changed. In this case, make sure you have the latest version of the syntax checker installed. If it still fails then create an issue - or better yet, create a pull request.
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__Q. Recently some of my syntax checker options have stopped working...__
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A. The options are still there, they have just been renamed. Recently, almost all syntax checkers were refactored to use the new `makeprgBuild()` function. This made a lot of the old explicit options redundant - as they are now implied. The new implied options usually have slightly different names to the old options.
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e.g. Previously there was `g:syntastic_phpcs_conf`, now you must use `g:syntastic_php_phpcs_args`. This completely overrides the arguments of the checker, including any defaults, so you may need to look up the default arguments of the checker and add these in.
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See `:help syntastic-checker-options` for more information.
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__Q. I run a checker and the location list is not updated...__
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A. By default, the location list is changed only when you run the `:Errors` command, in order to minimise conflicts with other plugins. If you want the location list to always be updated when you run the checkers, add this line to your vimrc:
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```vim
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let g:syntastic_always_populate_loc_list=1
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```
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__Q. How can I pass additional arguments to a checker?__
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A. Almost all syntax checkers use the `makeprgBuild()` function. Those checkers that do can be configured using global variables. The general form of the global args variables are:
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```vim
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syntastic_<filetype>_<subchecker>_args
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```
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So, If you wanted to pass "--my --args --here" to the ruby mri checker you would add this line to your vimrc:
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```vim
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let g:syntastic_ruby_mri_args="--my --args --here"
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```
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See `:help syntastic-checker-options` for more information.
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__Q. Syntastic supports several checkers for my filetype - how do I tell it which one(s) to use?__
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A. Stick a line like this in your vimrc:
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```vim
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let g:syntastic_<filetype>_checkers=['<checker-name>']
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```
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To see the list of checkers for your filetype, look in `syntax_checkers/<filetype>/`.
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e.g. Python has the following checkers: `flake8`, `pyflakes`, `pylint` and a native `python` checker.
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To tell syntastic to use `pylint`, you would use this setting:
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```vim
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let g:syntastic_python_checkers=['pylint']
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```
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Some filetypes, like PHP, have style checkers as well as syntax checkers. These can be chained together like this:
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```vim
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let g:syntastic_php_checkers=['php', 'phpcs', 'phpmd']
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```
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This is telling syntastic to run the `php` checker first, and if no errors are found, run `phpcs`, and then `phpmd`.
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__Q. How can I jump between the different errors without using the location list at the bottom of the window?__
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A. Vim provides several built in commands for this. See `:help :lnext` and `:help :lprev`.
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If you use these commands a lot then you may want to add shortcut mappings to your vimrc, or install something like [unimpaired](https://github.com/tpope/vim-unimpaired), which provides such mappings (among other things).
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__Q. A syntax checker is giving me unwanted/strange style tips?__
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A. Some filetypes (e.g. php) have style checkers as well as syntax checkers. You can usually configure the options that are passed to the style checkers, or just disable them. Take a look at the [wiki](https://github.com/scrooloose/syntastic/wiki/Syntax-Checkers) to see what options are available.
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__Q. The error window is closed automatically when I :quit the current buffer but not when I :bdelete it?__
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A. There is no safe way to handle that situation automatically, but you can work around it:
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```vim
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nnoremap <silent> <C-d> :lclose<CR>:bdelete<CR>
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cabbrev <silent> bd lclose\|bdelete
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```
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