> A curated list of shell commands and tools specific to OS X. > > _“You don’t have to know everything. You simply need to know where to find it when necessary.” (John Brunner)_ [](https://github.com/sindresorhus/awesome) [](https://gitter.im/herrbischoff/awesome-osx-command-line) If you want to contribute, you are highly encouraged to do so. Please read the [contribution guidelines](contributing.md). For more terminal shell goodness, please also see this list's sister list [Awesome Command Line Apps](https://github.com/herrbischoff/awesome-command-line-apps). ## Table of Contents - [Appearance](#appearance) - [Transparency](#transparency) - [Wallpaper](#wallpaper) - [Applications](#applications) - [App Store](#app-store) - [Apple Remote Desktop](#apple-remote-desktop) - [iTunes](#itunes) - [Mail](#mail) - [Safari](#safari) - [Sketch](#sketch) - [TextEdit](#textedit) - [Backup](#backup) - [Time Machine](#time-machine) - [Developer](#developer) - [App Icons](#app-icons) - [Vim](#vim) - [Xcode](#xcode) - [Disks and Volumes](#disks-and-volumes) - [Disk Images](#disk-images) - [Dock](#dock) - [Documents](#documents) - [Finder](#finder) - [Files and Folders](#files-and-folders) - [Layout](#layout) - [Metadata Files](#metadata-files) - [Opening Things](#opening-things) - [Fonts](#fonts) - [Functions](#functions) - [Hardware](#hardware) - [Bluetooth](#bluetooth) - [Hardware Information](#hardware-information) - [Infrared Receiver](#infrared-receiver) - [Power Management](#power-management) - [Input Devices](#input-devices) - [Keyboard](#keyboard) - [Media](#media) - [Audio](#audio) - [Video](#video) - [Networking](#networking) - [Bonjour](#bonjour) - [DHCP](#dhcp) - [DNS](#dns) - [Hostname](#hostname) - [Networking Tools](#networking-tools) - [TCP/IP](#tcpip) - [Wi-Fi](#wi-fi) - [Package Managers](#package-managers) - [Printing](#printing) - [Security](#security) - [Application Firewall](#application-firewall) - [Gatekeeper](#gatekeeper) - [Passwords](#passwords) - [Physical Access](#physical-access) - [Wiping Data](#wiping-data) - [Search](#search) - [Find](#find) - [Locate](#locate) - [System](#system) - [AirDrop](#airdrop) - [AppleScript](#applescript) - [Basics](#basics) - [Clipboard](#clipboard) - [FileVault](#filevault) - [Information/Reports](#informationreports) - [Kernel Extensions](#kernel-extensions) - [LaunchAgents](#launchagents) - [LaunchServices](#launchservices) - [Login Window](#login-window) - [Memory Management](#memory-management) - [Notification Center](#notification-center) - [QuickLook](#quicklook) - [Remote Apple Events](#remote-apple-events) - [Root User](#root-user) - [Safe Mode Boot](#safe-mode-boot) - [Screenshots](#screenshots) - [Software Installation](#software-installation) - [Software Update](#software-update) - [Spotlight](#spotlight) - [System Integrity Protection](#system-integrity-protection) - [Time and Date](#time-and-date) - [Terminal](#terminal) - [Alternative Terminals](#alternative-terminals) - [Shells](#shells) - [Terminal Fonts](#terminal-fonts) ## Appearance ### Transparency #### Transparency in Menu and Windows ```bash # Reduce Transparency defaults write com.apple.universalaccess reduceTransparency -bool true # Restore Default Transparency defaults write com.apple.universalaccess reduceTransparency -bool false ``` ### Wallpaper #### Set Wallpaper ```bash # Up to Mountain Lion osascript -e 'tell application "Finder" to set desktop picture to POSIX file "/path/to/picture.jpg"' # Since Mavericks sqlite3 ~/Library/Application\ Support/Dock/desktoppicture.db "update data set value = '/path/to/picture.jpg'" && killall Dock ``` ## Applications ### App Store #### List All Apps Downloaded from App Store ```bash find /Applications -path '*Contents/_MASReceipt/receipt' -maxdepth 4 -print |\sed 's#.app/Contents/_MASReceipt/receipt#.app#g; s#/Applications/##' ``` ### Apple Remote Desktop #### Remove Apple Remote Desktop Settings ```bash sudo rm -rf /var/db/RemoteManagement ; \ sudo defaults delete /Library/Preferences/com.apple.RemoteDesktop.plist ; \ defaults delete ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.RemoteDesktop.plist ; \ sudo rm -r /Library/Application\ Support/Apple/Remote\ Desktop/ ; \ rm -r ~/Library/Application\ Support/Remote\ Desktop/ ; \ rm -r ~/Library/Containers/com.apple.RemoteDesktop ``` ### iTunes #### Keyboard Media Keys ```bash # Stop Responding to Key Presses launchctl unload -w /System/Library/LaunchAgents/com.apple.rcd.plist # Respond to Key Presses (Default) launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchAgents/com.apple.rcd.plist ``` ### Mail #### Vacuum Mail Index The AppleScript code below will quit Mail, vacuum the SQLite index, then re-open Mail. On a large email database that hasn't been optimized for a while, this can provide significant improvements in responsiveness and speed. ```applescript (* Speed up Mail.app by vacuuming the Envelope Index Code from: http://www.hawkwings.net/2007/03/03/scripts-to-automate-the-mailapp-envelope-speed-trick/ Originally by "pmbuko" with modifications by Romulo Updated by Brett Terpstra 2012 Updated by Mathias Törnblom 2015 to support V3 in El Capitan and still keep backwards compability *) tell application "Mail" to quit set os_version to do shell script "sw_vers -productVersion" set mail_version to "V2" considering numeric strings if "10.10" <= os_version then set mail_version to "V3" end considering set sizeBefore to do shell script "ls -lnah ~/Library/Mail/" & mail_version & "/MailData | grep -E 'Envelope Index$' | awk {'print $5'}" do shell script "/usr/bin/sqlite3 ~/Library/Mail/" & mail_version & "/MailData/Envelope\\ Index vacuum" set sizeAfter to do shell script "ls -lnah ~/Library/Mail/" & mail_version & "/MailData | grep -E 'Envelope Index$' | awk {'print $5'}" display dialog ("Mail index before: " & sizeBefore & return & "Mail index after: " & sizeAfter & return & return & "Enjoy the new speed!") tell application "Mail" to activate ``` ### Safari #### Enable Develop Menu and Web Inspector ```bash defaults write com.apple.Safari IncludeInternalDebugMenu -bool true && \ defaults write com.apple.Safari IncludeDevelopMenu -bool true && \ defaults write com.apple.Safari WebKitDeveloperExtrasEnabledPreferenceKey -bool true && \ defaults write com.apple.Safari com.apple.Safari.ContentPageGroupIdentifier.WebKit2DeveloperExtrasEnabled -bool true && \ defaults write NSGlobalDomain WebKitDeveloperExtras -bool true ``` #### Get Current Page Data Other options: `get source`, `get text`. ```bash osascript -e 'tell application "Safari" to get URL of current tab of front window' ``` ### Sketch #### Export Compact SVGs ```bash defaults write com.bohemiancoding.sketch3 exportCompactSVG -bool yes ``` ### TextEdit #### Use Plain Text Mode as Default ```bash defaults write com.apple.TextEdit RichText -int 0 ``` ## Backup ### Time Machine #### Change Backup Interval This changes the interval to 30 minutes. The integer value is the time in seconds. ```bash sudo defaults write /System/Library/Launch Daemons/com.apple.backupd-auto StartInterval -int 1800 ``` #### Prevent Time Machine from Prompting to Use New Hard Drives as Backup Volume ```bash defaults write com.apple.TimeMachine DoNotOfferNewDisksForBackup -bool true ``` #### Set Status ```bash # Disable Local Time Machine Backups hash tmutil &> /dev/null && sudo tmutil disablelocal # Enable Local Time Machine Backups (Default) hash tmutil &> /dev/null && sudo tmutil enablelocal ``` ## Developer ### Vim #### Compile Sane Vim Compiling MacVim via Homebrew with all bells and whistles, including overriding system Vim. ```bash brew install macvim --HEAD --with-cscope --with-lua --with-override-system-vim --with-luajit --with-python ``` #### Neovim Install the development version of this modern Vim drop-in alternative via Homebrew. ```bash brew tap neovim/neovim && \ brew install --HEAD neovim ``` ### Xcode #### Install Command Line Tools without Xcode ```bash xcode-select --install ``` #### Remove All Unavailable Simulators ```bash xcrun simctl delete unavailable ``` ## Disks and Volumes #### Disable Sudden Motion Sensor Leaving this turned on is useless when you're using SSDs. ```bash sudo pmset -a sms 0 ``` #### Eject All Mountable Volumes The only reliable way to do this is by sending an AppleScript command to Finder. ```bash osascript -e 'tell application "Finder" to eject (every disk whose ejectable is true)' ``` #### Repair File Permissions You don't have to use the Disk Utility GUI for this. ```bash sudo diskutil repairPermissions / ``` > Beginning with OS X El Capitan, system file permissions are automatically protected. It's no longer necessary to verify or repair permissions with Disk Utility. ([Source](https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201560)) #### Set Boot Volume ```bash bless --mount "/path/to/mounted/volume" --setBoot ``` #### Show All Attached Disks and Partitions ```bash diskutil list ``` #### View File System Usage A continuous stream of file system access info. ```bash sudo fs_usage ``` ### Disk Images #### Create Disk Image From Folder Contents ```bash hdiutil create -volname "Volume Name" -srcfolder /path/to/folder -ov diskimage.dmg ``` If you'd like to encrypt the disk image: ```bash hdiutil create -encryption -stdinpass -volname "Volume Name" -srcfolder /path/to/folder -ov encrypted.dmg ``` By default, you'll be prompted for a password. You can automate that by piping in a password: ```bash echo -n YourPassword | hdiutil create -encryption -stdinpass -volname "Volume Name" -srcfolder /path/to/folder -ov encrypted.dmg ``` #### Burn Disk Images to DVD This command applies to .iso, .img and .dmg images. ```bash hdiutil burn /path/to/image_file ``` #### Disable Disk Image Verification ```bash defaults write com.apple.frameworks.diskimages skip-verify -bool true && \ defaults write com.apple.frameworks.diskimages skip-verify-locked -bool true && \ defaults write com.apple.frameworks.diskimages skip-verify-remote -bool true ``` #### Make Volume OS X Bootable ```bash bless --folder "/path/to/mounted/volume/System/Library/CoreServices" --bootinfo --bootefi ``` #### Mount Disk Image ```bash hdiutil attach /path/to/diskimage.dmg ``` #### Unmount Disk Image ```bash hdiutil detach /dev/disk2s1 ``` #### Write Disk Image to Volume Like the Disk Utility "Restore" function. ```bash sudo asr -restore -noverify -source /path/to/diskimage.dmg -target /Volumes/VolumeToRestoreTo ``` ## Dock #### Add a Stack with Recent Applications ```bash defaults write com.apple.dock persistent-others -array-add '{ "tile-data" = { "list-type" = 1; }; "tile-type" = "recents-tile"; }' && \ killall Dock ``` #### Add a Space ```bash defaults write com.apple.dock persistent-apps -array-add '{"tile-type"="spacer-tile";}' && \ killall Dock ``` #### Set Auto Show/Hide Delay The float number defines the show/hide delay in ms. ```bash defaults write com.apple.Dock autohide-delay -float 0 && \ killall Dock ``` #### Show Hidden App Icons ```bash # Enable defaults write com.apple.dock showhidden -bool true && \ killall Dock # Disable defaults write com.apple.dock showhidden -bool false && \ killall Dock ``` ## Documents #### Convert File to HTML Supported formats are plain text, rich text (rtf) and Microsoft Word (doc/docx). ```bash textutil -convert html file.ext ``` ## Finder ### Files and Folders #### Clear All ACLs ```bash sudo chmod -RN /path/to/folder ``` #### Hide Folder in Finder ```bash chflags hidden /path/to/folder/ ``` #### Show All File Extensions ```bash defaults write NSGlobalDomain AppleShowAllExtensions -bool true ``` #### Show Hidden Files ```bash # Show All defaults write com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles true # Restore Default File Visibility defaults write com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles false ``` #### Remove Protected Flag ```bash sudo chflags -R nouchg /path/to/file/or/folder ``` #### Show Full Path in Finder Title ```bash defaults write com.apple.finder _FXShowPosixPathInTitle -bool true ``` #### Unhide User Library Folder ```bash chflags nohidden ~/Library ``` #### Increase Number of Recent Places ```bash defaults write .GlobalPreferences NSNavRecentPlacesLimit -int 10 && \ killall Finder ``` ### Layout #### Smooth Scrolling Useful if you’re on an older Mac that messes up the animation. ```bash # Disable defaults write NSGlobalDomain NSScrollAnimationEnabled -bool false # Enable (Default) defaults write NSGlobalDomain NSScrollAnimationEnabled -bool true ``` #### Rubberband Scrolling ```bash # Disable defaults write -g NSScrollViewRubberbanding -bool false # Enable (Default) defaults write -g NSScrollViewRubberbanding -bool true ``` #### Expand Save Panel by Default ```bash defaults write NSGlobalDomain NSNavPanelExpandedStateForSaveMode -bool true && \ defaults write NSGlobalDomain NSNavPanelExpandedStateForSaveMode2 -bool true ``` #### Desktop Icon Visibility ```bash # Hide Icons defaults write com.apple.finder CreateDesktop -bool false && \ killall Finder # Show Icons (Default) defaults write com.apple.finder CreateDesktop -bool true && \ killall Finder ``` #### Path Bar ```bash # Show defaults write com.apple.finder ShowPathbar -bool true # Hide (Default) defaults write com.apple.finder ShowPathbar -bool false ``` #### Scrollbar Visibility Possible values: `WhenScrolling`, `Automatic` and `Always`. ```bash defaults write NSGlobalDomain AppleShowScrollBars -string "Always" ``` #### Status Bar ```bash # Show defaults write com.apple.finder ShowStatusBar -bool true # Hide (Default) defaults write com.apple.finder ShowStatusBar -bool false ``` #### Save to Disk by Default Sets default save target to be a local disk, not iCloud. ```bash defaults write NSGlobalDomain NSDocumentSaveNewDocumentsToCloud -bool false ``` #### Set Current Folder as Default Search Scope ```bash defaults write com.apple.finder FXDefaultSearchScope -string "SCcf" ``` #### Set Default Finder Location to Home Folder ```bash defaults write com.apple.finder NewWindowTarget -string "PfLo" && \ defaults write com.apple.finder NewWindowTargetPath -string "file://${HOME}" ``` #### Set Sidebar Icon Size Sets size to 'medium'. ```bash defaults write NSGlobalDomain NSTableViewDefaultSizeMode -int 2 ``` ### Metadata Files #### Disable Creation of Metadata Files on Network Volumes Avoids creation of `.DS_Store` and AppleDouble files. ```bash defaults write com.apple.desktopservices DSDontWriteNetworkStores -bool true ``` #### Disable Creation of Metadata Files on USB Volumes Avoids creation of `.DS_Store` and AppleDouble files. ```bash defaults write com.apple.desktopservices DSDontWriteUSBStores -bool true ``` ### Opening Things #### Change Working Directory to Finder Path If multiple windows are open, it chooses the top-most one. ```bash cd "$(osascript -e 'tell app "Finder" to POSIX path of (insertion location as alias)')" ``` #### Open URL ```bash open http://www.github.com ``` #### Open File ```bash open README.md ``` #### Open Applications You can open applications using `-a`. ```bash open -a "Google Chrome" http://www.github.com ``` #### Open Folder ```bash open /path/to/folder/ ``` #### Open Current Folder ```bash open . ``` ## Fonts #### Clear Font Cache for Current User To clear font caches for all users, put `sudo` in front of this command. ```bash atsutil databases -removeUser && \ atsutil server -shutdown && \ atsutil server -ping ``` ## Functions Please see [this file](functions.md). ## Hardware ### Bluetooth ```bash # Status defaults read /Library/Preferences/com.apple.Bluetooth ControllerPowerState # Enable (Default) sudo defaults write /Library/Preferences/com.apple.Bluetooth ControllerPowerState -int 1 # Disable sudo defaults write /Library/Preferences/com.apple.Bluetooth ControllerPowerState -int 0 && \ sudo killall -HUP blued ``` ### Hardware Information #### List All Hardware Ports ```bash networksetup -listallhardwareports ``` #### Remaining Battery Percentage ```bash pmset -g batt | egrep "([0-9]+\%).*" -o --colour=auto | cut -f1 -d';' ``` #### Remaining Battery Time ```bash pmset -g batt | egrep "([0-9]+\%).*" -o --colour=auto | cut -f3 -d';' ``` #### Show Connected Device's UDID ```bash system_profiler SPUSBDataType | sed -n -e '/iPad/,/Serial/p' -e '/iPhone/,/Serial/p' ``` #### Show Current Screen Resolution ```bash system_profiler SPDisplaysDataType | grep Resolution ``` #### Show CPU Brand String ```bash sysctl -n machdep.cpu.brand_string ``` ### Infrared Receiver ```bash # Status defaults read /Library/Preferences/com.apple.driver.AppleIRController DeviceEnabled # Enable (Default) defaults write /Library/Preferences/com.apple.driver.AppleIRController DeviceEnabled -int 1 # Disable defaults write /Library/Preferences/com.apple.driver.AppleIRController DeviceEnabled -int 0 ``` ### Power Management #### Prevent System Sleep Prevent sleep for 1 hour: ```bash caffeinate -u -t 3600 ``` #### Show All Power Management Settings ```bash sudo pmset -g ``` #### Put Display to Sleep after 15 Minutes of Inactivity ```bash sudo pmset displaysleep 15 ``` #### Put Computer to Sleep after 30 Minutes of Inactivity ```bash sudo pmset sleep 30 ``` #### Check System Sleep Idle Time ```bash sudo systemsetup -getcomputersleep ``` #### Set System Sleep Idle Time to 60 Minutes ```bash sudo systemsetup -setcomputersleep 60 ``` #### Turn Off System Sleep Completely ```bash sudo systemsetup -setcomputersleep Never ``` #### Automatic Restart on System Freeze ```bash sudo systemsetup -setrestartfreeze on ``` #### Chime When Charging Play iOS charging sound when MagSafe is connected. ```bash # Enable defaults write com.apple.PowerChime ChimeOnAllHardware -bool true && \ open /System/Library/CoreServices/PowerChime.app # Disable (Default) defaults write com.apple.PowerChime ChimeOnAllHardware -bool false && \ killall PowerChime ``` ## Input Devices ### Keyboard #### Auto-Correct ```bash # Disable defaults write -g NSAutomaticSpellingCorrectionEnabled -bool false # Enable (Default) defaults write -g NSAutomaticSpellingCorrectionEnabled -bool true # Show Status defaults read -g NSAutomaticSpellingCorrectionEnabled ``` #### Key Repeat Disable the default "press and hold" behavior. ```bash # Enable Key Repeat defaults write -g ApplePressAndHoldEnabled -bool false # Disable Key Repeat defaults write -g ApplePressAndHoldEnabled -bool true ``` #### Key Repeat Rate Sets a very fast repeat rate, adjust to taste. ```bash defaults write NSGlobalDomain KeyRepeat -int 0.02 ``` ## Media ### Audio #### Convert Audio File to iPhone Ringtone ```bash afconvert input.mp3 ringtone.m4r -f m4af ``` #### Disable Sound Effects on Boot ```bash sudo nvram SystemAudioVolume=" " ``` #### Mute Audio Output ```bash osascript -e 'set volume output muted true' ``` #### Set Audio Volume ```bash osascript -e 'set volume 4' ``` #### Play Audio File You can play all audio formats that are natively supported by QuickTime. ```bash afplay -q 1 filename.mp3 ``` #### Speak Text with System Default Voice ```bash say 'All your base are belong to us!' ``` ### Video #### Auto-Play Videos in QuickTime Player ```bash defaults write com.apple.QuickTimePlayerX MGPlayMovieOnOpen 1 ``` ## Networking ### Bonjour #### Bonjour Service ```bash # Disable sudo defaults write /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.mDNSResponder ProgramArguments -array-add "-NoMulticastAdvertisements" # Enable (Default) sudo defaults write /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.mDNSResponder ProgramArguments -array "/usr/sbin/mDNSResponder" "-launchd" ``` ### DHCP #### Renew DHCP Lease ```bash sudo ipconfig set en0 DHCP ``` #### Show DHCP Info ```bash ipconfig getpacket en0 ``` ### DNS #### Clear DNS Cache ```bash sudo dscacheutil -flushcache && \ sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder ``` ### Hostname #### Set Computer Name/Host Name ```bash sudo scutil --set ComputerName "newhostname" && \ sudo scutil --set HostName "newhostname" && \ sudo scutil --set LocalHostName "newhostname" && \ sudo defaults write /Library/Preferences/SystemConfiguration/com.apple.smb.server NetBIOSName -string "newhostname" ``` ### Networking Tools #### Ping a Host to See Whether It’s Available ```bash ping -o github.com ``` #### Troubleshoot Routing Problems ```bash traceroute github.com ``` ### TCP/IP #### Show Application Using a Certain Port This outputs all applications currently using port 80. ```bash sudo lsof -i :80 ``` #### Show External IP Address ```bash dig +short myip.opendns.com @resolver1.opendns.com ``` ### Wi-Fi #### Join a Wi-Fi Network ```bash networksetup -setairportnetwork en0 WIFI_SSID WIFI_PASSWORD ``` #### Scan Available Access Points Create a symbolic link to the airport command for easy access: ```bash sudo ln -s /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Apple80211.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/airport /usr/local/bin/airport ``` Run a wireless scan: ```bash airport -s ``` #### Show Current SSID ```bash /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Apple80211.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/airport -I | awk '/ SSID/ {print substr($0, index($0, $2))}' ``` #### Show Local IP Address ```bash ipconfig getifaddr en0 ``` #### Show Wi-Fi Connection History ```bash defaults read /Library/Preferences/SystemConfiguration/com.apple.airport.preferences | grep LastConnected -A 7 ``` #### Show Wi-Fi Network Passwords Exchange SSID with the SSID of the access point you wish to query the password from. ```bash security find-generic-password -D "AirPort network password" -a "SSID" -gw ``` #### Turn on Wi-Fi Adapter ```bash networksetup -setairportpower en0 on ``` ## Package Managers - [Fink](http://www.finkproject.org) - The full world of Unix Open Source software for Darwin. - [Homebrew](http://brew.sh) - The missing package manager for OS X. - [MacPorts](https://www.macports.org) - Compile, install and upgrade either command-line, X11 or Aqua based open-source software. ## Printing #### Clear Print Queue ```bash cancel -a - ``` #### Expand Print Panel by Default ```bash defaults write NSGlobalDomain PMPrintingExpandedStateForPrint -bool true && \ defaults write NSGlobalDomain PMPrintingExpandedStateForPrint2 -bool true ``` #### Quit Printer App After Print Jobs Complete ```bash defaults write com.apple.print.PrintingPrefs "Quit When Finished" -bool true ``` ## Security ### Application Firewall #### Firewall Service ```bash # Show Status sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --getglobalstate # Enable sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --setglobalstate on # Disable (Default) sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --setglobalstate off ``` #### Add Application to Firewall ```bash sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --add /path/to/file ``` ### Gatekeeper #### Add Gatekeeper Exception ```bash spctl --add /path/to/Application.app ``` #### Remove Gatekeeper Exception ```bash spctl --remove /path/to/Application.app ``` ### Passwords #### Generate Secure Password and Copy to Clipboard First, install `pwgen` via Homebrew, etc. ```bash pwgen -Cs 20 1 | tr -d ' ' | tr -d '\n' | pbcopy ``` ### Physical Access #### Launch Screen Saver ```bash open /System/Library/Frameworks/ScreenSaver.framework/Versions/A/Resources/ScreenSaverEngine.app ``` #### Lock Screen ```bash /System/Library/CoreServices/Menu\ Extras/User.menu/Contents/Resources/CGSession -suspend ``` #### Screensaver Immediate Lock ```bash # Status defaults read com.apple.screensaver askForPasswordDelay # Enable (Default) defaults write com.apple.screensaver askForPasswordDelay -int 0 # Disable (Integer = lock delay in seconds) defaults write com.apple.screensaver askForPasswordDelay -int 10 ``` #### Screensaver Password ```bash # Status defaults read com.apple.screensaver askForPassword # Enable defaults write com.apple.screensaver askForPassword -int 1 # Disable (Default) defaults write com.apple.screensaver askForPassword -int 0 ``` ### Wiping Data #### Securely Remove File ```bash srm /path/to/file ``` #### Securely Remove Folder ```bash srm -r /path/to/folder/ ``` #### Securely Remove Path (Force) ```bash srm -rf /path/to/complete/destruction ``` ## Search ### Find #### Recursively Delete .DS_Store Files ```bash find . -type f -name '*.DS_Store' -ls -delete ``` ### Locate #### Build Locate Database ```bash sudo launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.locate.plist ``` #### Search via Locate The `-i` modifier makes the search case insensitive. ```bash locate -i *.jpg ``` ## System ### AirDrop ```bash # Enable AirDrop over Ethernet and on Unsupported Macs defaults write com.apple.NetworkBrowser BrowseAllInterfaces -bool true # Enable (Default) defaults remove com.apple.NetworkBrowser DisableAirDrop # Disable defaults write com.apple.NetworkBrowser DisableAirDrop -bool YES ``` ### AppleScript #### Execute AppleScript ```bash osascript /path/to/script.scpt ``` ### Basics #### Restart ```bash sudo reboot ``` #### Shutdown ```bash sudo poweroff ``` #### Show Build Number of OS ```bash sw_vers ``` #### Uptime How long since your last restart. ```bash uptime ``` ### Clipboard #### Copy data to Clipboard ```bash cat whatever.txt | pbcopy ``` #### Convert Clipboard to Plain Text ```bash pbpaste | textutil -convert txt -stdin -stdout -encoding 30 | pbcopy ``` #### Convert Tabs to Spaces for Clipboard Content ```bash pbpaste | expand | pbcopy ``` #### Copy data from Clipboard ```bash pbpaste > whatever.txt ``` #### Sort and Strip Duplicate Lines from Clipboard Content ```bash pbpaste | sort | uniq | pbcopy ``` ### FileVault #### Automatically Unlock FileVault on Restart If FileVault is enabled on the current volume, it restarts the system, bypassing the initial unlock. The command may not work on all systems. ```bash sudo fdesetup authrestart ``` #### FileVault Service ```bash # Status sudo fdesetup status # Enable sudo fdesetup enable # Disable (Default) sudo fdestatus disable ``` ### Information/Reports #### Generate Advanced System and Performance Report ```bash sudo sysdiagnose -f ~/Desktop/ ``` ### Kernel Extensions #### Display Status of Loaded Kernel Extensions ```bash sudo kextstat -l ``` #### Load Kernel Extension ```bash sudo kextload -b com.apple.driver.ExampleBundle ``` #### Unload Kernel Extensions ```bash sudo kextunload -b com.apple.driver.ExampleBundle ``` ### LaunchAgents Please see [this file](launchagents.md). ### LaunchServices #### Rebuild LaunchServices Database To be independent of OS X version, this relies on `locate` to find `lsregister`. If you do not have your `locate` database built yet, [do it](#build-locate-database). ```bash sudo $(locate lsregister) -kill -seed -r ``` ### Login Window #### Set Login Window Text ```bash sudo defaults write /Library/Preferences/com.apple.loginwindow LoginwindowText "Your text" ``` ### Memory Management #### Purge memory cache ```bash sudo purge ``` #### Show Memory Statistics ```bash # One time vm_stat # Table of data, repeat 10 times total, 1 second wait between each poll vm_stat -c 10 1 ``` ### Notification Center #### Notification Center Service ```bash # Disable launchctl unload -w /System/Library/LaunchAgents/com.apple.notificationcenterui.plist && \ killall -9 NotificationCenter # Enable (Default) launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchAgents/com.apple.notificationcenterui.plist ``` ### QuickLook #### Preview via QuickLook ```bash qlmanage -p /path/to/file ``` ### Remote Apple Events ```bash # Status sudo systemsetup -getremoteappleevents # Enable sudo systemsetup -setremoteappleevents on # Disable (Default) sudo systemsetup -setremoteappleevents off ``` ### Root User ```bash # Enable dsenableroot # Disable dsenableroot -d ``` ### Safe Mode Boot ```bash # Status nvram boot-args # Enable sudo nvram boot-args="-x" # Disable sudo nvram boot-args="" ``` ### Screenshots #### Take Delayed Screenshot Takes a screenshot as JPEG after 3 seconds and displays in Preview. ```bash screencapture -T 3 -t jpg -P delayedpic.jpg ``` #### Save Screenshots to Given Location Sets location to `~/Desktop`. ```bash defaults write com.apple.screencapture location ~/Desktop && \ killall SystemUIServer ``` #### Save Screenshots in Given Format Sets format to `png`. Other options are `bmp`, `gif`, `jpg`, `jpeg`, `pdf`, `tiff`. ```bash defaults write com.apple.screencapture type -string "png" ``` #### Disable Shadow in Screenshots ```bash defaults write com.apple.screencapture disable-shadow -bool true && \ killall SystemUIServer ``` #### Set Default Screenshot Name Date and time remain unchanged. ```bash defaults write com.apple.screencapture name "Example name" && \ killall SystemUIServer ``` ### Software Installation #### Install PKG ```bash installer -pkg /path/to/installer.pkg -target / ``` ### Software Update #### Install All Available Software Updates ```bash sudo softwareupdate -ia ``` #### Set Software Update Check Interval Set to check daily instead of weekly. ```bash defaults write com.apple.SoftwareUpdate ScheduleFrequency -int 1 ``` #### Show Available Software Updates ```bash sudo softwareupdate -l ``` #### Set Software Update Server This should only be done for testing purposes or unmanaged clients. To use network-wide, either correctly set up DNS along with [Apple SUS service](http://krypted.com/mac-security/using-the-software-update-service-on-mountain-lion-server/) and bind your clients via OpenDirectory. Alternatively, use [Reposado](https://github.com/wdas/reposado) together with correct network DNS settings to make resolution transparent. [Margarita](https://github.com/jessepeterson/margarita) looks nice to have as well. ```bash # Use own SUS sudo defaults write /Library/Preferences/com.apple.SoftwareUpdate CatalogURL http://su.example.com:8088/index.sucatalog # Reset to Apple SUS sudo defaults delete /Library/Preferences/com.apple.SoftwareUpdate CatalogURL ``` ### Spotlight #### Spotlight Indexing ```bash # Disable mdutil -i off -d /path/to/volume # Enable (Default) mdutil -i on /path/to/volume ``` #### Erase Spotlight Index and Rebuild ```bash mdutil -E /path/to/volume ``` #### Search via Spotlight ```bash mdfind -name 'searchterm' ``` ### System Integrity Protection #### Disable System Integrity Protection Reboot while holding Cmd + R, open the Terminal application and enter: ```bash csrutil disable && reboot ``` #### Enable System Integrity Protection Reboot while holding Cmd + R, open the Terminal application and enter: ```bash csrutil enable && reboot ``` ### Time and Date ```bash # Status sudo systemsetup getusingnetworktime # Enable (Default) sudo systemsetup setusingnetworktime on # Disable sudo systemsetup setusingnetworktime off ``` ## Terminal #### Ring Terminal Bell Rings the terminal bell (if enabled) and puts a badge on it. ```bash tput bel ``` ### Alternative Terminals - [iTerm 2](https://iterm2.com) - A better Terminal.app. - [TotalTerminal](http://totalterminal.binaryage.com) - A system-wide terminal available on a hot-key. ### Shells #### Bash Install the latest version and set as current users' default shell: ```bash brew install bash && \ sudo echo $(brew --prefix)/bin/bash >> /etc/shells && \ chsh -s $(brew --prefix)/bin/bash ``` - [Homepage](https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/) - The default shell for OS X and most other Unix-based operating systems. #### fish Install the latest version and set as current users' default shell: ```bash brew install fish && \ chsh -s $(brew --prefix)/bin/fish ``` - [Homepage](http://fishshell.com) - A smart and user-friendly command line shell for OS X, Linux, and the rest of the family. - [The Fishshell Framework](https://github.com/oh-my-fish/oh-my-fish) - Provides core infrastructure to allow you to install packages which extend or modify the look of your shell. #### Zsh Install the latest version and set as current users' default shell: ```bash brew install zsh && \ sudo sh -c 'echo $(brew --prefix)/bin/zsh >> /etc/shells' && \ chsh -s $(brew --prefix)/bin/zsh ``` - [Homepage](http://www.zsh.org) - Zsh is a shell designed for interactive use, although it is also a powerful scripting language. - [Oh My Zsh](http://ohmyz.sh) - An open source, community-driven framework for managing your Zsh configuration. - [Prezto](https://github.com/sorin-ionescu/prezto) - A speedy Zsh framework. Enriches the command line interface environment with sane defaults, aliases, functions, auto completion, and prompt themes. - [zgen](https://github.com/tarjoilija/zgen) - Another open source framework for managing your zsh configuration. Zgen will load oh-my-zsh compatible plugins and themes and has the advantage of both being faster and automatically cloning any plugins used in your configuration for you. ### Terminal Fonts - [Anonymous Pro](http://www.marksimonson.com/fonts/view/anonymous-pro) - A family of four fixed-width fonts designed with coding in mind. - [DejaVu Sans Mono](http://dejavu-fonts.org/wiki/Main_Page) - A font family based on the Vera Fonts. - [Hack](http://sourcefoundry.org/hack/) - Hack is hand groomed and optically balanced to be your go-to code face. - [Inconsolata](http://levien.com/type/myfonts/inconsolata.html) - A monospace font, designed for code listings and the like. - [Input](http://input.fontbureau.com) - A flexible system of fonts designed specifically for code. - [Meslo](https://github.com/andreberg/Meslo-Font) - Customized version of Apple's Menlo font. - [Powerline Fonts](https://github.com/powerline/fonts) - Repo of patched fonts for the Powerline plugin. - [Source Code Pro](https://adobe-fonts.github.io/source-code-pro/) - A monospaced font family for user interfaces and coding environments. ## License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.