2015-12-21 00:59:07 -05:00
< img src = "https://cdn.rawgit.com/herrbischoff/awesome-osx-command-line/master/assets/logo-tr.svg" width = "600" >
2015-12-21 00:54:02 -05:00
> A curated list of shell commands and tools specific to OS X.
>
> _“You don’ t have to know everything. You simply need to know where to find it when necessary.” (John Brunner)_
[![Awesome ](https://cdn.rawgit.com/sindresorhus/awesome/d7305f38d29fed78fa85652e3a63e154dd8e8829/media/badge.svg )](https://github.com/sindresorhus/awesome) [![Gitter ](https://badges.gitter.im/Join%20Chat.svg )](https://gitter.im/herrbischoff/awesome-osx-command-line)
If you want to contribute, you are highly encouraged to do so. Please read the [contribution guidelines ](contributing.md ).
For more terminal shell goodness, please also see this list's sister list [Awesome Command Line Apps ](https://github.com/herrbischoff/awesome-command-line-apps ).
## Table of Contents
- [Appearance ](#appearance )
- [Transparency ](#transparency )
- [Wallpaper ](#wallpaper )
- [Applications ](#applications )
- [App Store ](#app-store )
- [Apple Remote Desktop ](#apple-remote-desktop )
- [iTunes ](#itunes )
- [Mail ](#mail )
- [Safari ](#safari )
- [Sketch ](#sketch )
- [TextEdit ](#textedit )
- [Backup ](#backup )
- [Time Machine ](#time-machine )
- [Developer ](#developer )
- [App Icons ](#app-icons )
- [Vim ](#vim )
- [Xcode ](#xcode )
- [Disks and Volumes ](#disks-and-volumes )
- [Disk Images ](#disk-images )
- [Dock ](#dock )
- [Documents ](#documents )
- [Finder ](#finder )
- [Files and Folders ](#files-and-folders )
- [Layout ](#layout )
- [Metadata Files ](#metadata-files )
- [Opening Things ](#opening-things )
- [Fonts ](#fonts )
- [Functions ](#functions )
- [Hardware ](#hardware )
- [Hardware Information ](#hardware-information )
- [Power Management ](#power-management )
- [Input Devices ](#input-devices )
- [Keyboard ](#keyboard )
- [Media ](#media )
- [Audio ](#audio )
- [Video ](#video )
- [Networking ](#networking )
- [Bonjour ](#bonjour )
- [DHCP ](#dhcp )
- [DNS ](#dns )
- [Hostname ](#hostname )
- [Networking Tools ](#networking-tools )
- [TCP/IP ](#tcpip )
- [Wi-Fi ](#wi-fi )
- [Package Managers ](#package-managers )
- [Printing ](#printing )
- [Security ](#security )
- [Application Firewall ](#application-firewall )
- [Gatekeeper ](#gatekeeper )
- [Passwords ](#passwords )
- [Physical Access ](#physical-access )
- [Wiping Data ](#wiping-data )
- [Search ](#search )
- [Find ](#find )
- [Locate ](#locate )
- [System ](#system )
- [AirDrop ](#airdrop )
- [AppleScript ](#applescript )
- [Basics ](#basics )
- [Clipboard ](#clipboard )
- [FileVault ](#filevault )
- [Information/Reports ](#informationreports )
- [Kernel Extensions ](#kernel-extensions )
- [LaunchAgents ](#launchagents )
- [LaunchServices ](#launchservices )
- [Login Window ](#login-window )
- [Memory Management ](#memory-management )
- [Notification Center ](#notification-center )
- [QuickLook ](#quicklook )
- [Root User ](#root-user )
- [Safe Mode Boot ](#safe-mode-boot )
- [Screenshots ](#screenshots )
- [Software Installation ](#software-installation )
- [Software Update ](#software-update )
- [Spotlight ](#spotlight )
- [System Integrity Protection ](#system-integrity-protection )
- [Terminal ](#terminal )
- [Alternative Terminals ](#alternative-terminals )
- [Shells ](#shells )
- [Terminal Fonts ](#terminal-fonts )
## Appearance
### Transparency
#### Transparency in Menu and Windows
```bash
# Reduce Transparency
defaults write com.apple.universalaccess reduceTransparency -bool true
# Restore Default Transparency
defaults write com.apple.universalaccess reduceTransparency -bool false
```
### Wallpaper
#### Set Wallpaper
```bash
# Up to Mountain Lion
osascript -e 'tell application "Finder" to set desktop picture to POSIX file "/path/to/picture.jpg"'
# Since Mavericks
sqlite3 ~/Library/Application\ Support/Dock/desktoppicture.db "update data set value = '/path/to/picture.jpg'" && killall Dock
```
## Applications
### App Store
#### List All Apps Downloaded from App Store
```bash
find /Applications -path '*Contents/_MASReceipt/receipt' -maxdepth 4 -print |\sed 's#.app/Contents/_MASReceipt/receipt#.app#g; s#/Applications/##'
```
### Apple Remote Desktop
#### Remove Apple Remote Desktop Settings
```bash
sudo rm -rf /var/db/RemoteManagement ; \
sudo defaults delete /Library/Preferences/com.apple.RemoteDesktop.plist ; \
defaults delete ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.RemoteDesktop.plist ; \
sudo rm -r /Library/Application\ Support/Apple/Remote\ Desktop/ ; \
rm -r ~/Library/Application\ Support/Remote\ Desktop/ ; \
rm -r ~/Library/Containers/com.apple.RemoteDesktop
```
### iTunes
#### Keyboard Media Keys
```bash
# Stop Responding to Key Presses
launchctl unload -w /System/Library/LaunchAgents/com.apple.rcd.plist
# Respond to Key Presses (Default)
launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchAgents/com.apple.rcd.plist
```
### Mail
#### Vacuum Mail Index
The AppleScript code below will quit Mail, vacuum the SQLite index, then re-open Mail. On a large email database that hasn't been optimized for a while, this can provide significant improvements in responsiveness and speed.
```applescript
(*
Speed up Mail.app by vacuuming the Envelope Index
Code from: http://www.hawkwings.net/2007/03/03/scripts-to-automate-the-mailapp-envelope-speed-trick/
Originally by "pmbuko" with modifications by Romulo
Updated by Brett Terpstra 2012
Updated by Mathias Törnblom 2015 to support V3 in El Capitan and still keep backwards compability
*)
tell application "Mail" to quit
set os_version to do shell script "sw_vers -productVersion"
set mail_version to "V2"
considering numeric strings
if "10.10" < = os_version then set mail_version to "V3"
end considering
set sizeBefore to do shell script "ls -lnah ~/Library/Mail/" & mail_version & "/MailData | grep -E 'Envelope Index$' | awk {'print $5'}"
do shell script "/usr/bin/sqlite3 ~/Library/Mail/" & mail_version & "/MailData/Envelope\\ Index vacuum"
set sizeAfter to do shell script "ls -lnah ~/Library/Mail/" & mail_version & "/MailData | grep -E 'Envelope Index$' | awk {'print $5'}"
display dialog ("Mail index before: " & sizeBefore & return & "Mail index after: " & sizeAfter & return & return & "Enjoy the new speed!")
tell application "Mail" to activate
```
### Safari
#### Enable Develop Menu and Web Inspector
```bash
defaults write com.apple.Safari IncludeInternalDebugMenu -bool true & & \
defaults write com.apple.Safari IncludeDevelopMenu -bool true & & \
defaults write com.apple.Safari WebKitDeveloperExtrasEnabledPreferenceKey -bool true & & \
defaults write com.apple.Safari com.apple.Safari.ContentPageGroupIdentifier.WebKit2DeveloperExtrasEnabled -bool true & & \
defaults write NSGlobalDomain WebKitDeveloperExtras -bool true
```
#### Get Current Page Data
Other options: `get source` , `get text` .
```bash
osascript -e 'tell application "Safari" to get URL of current tab of front window'
```
### Sketch
#### Export Compact SVGs
```bash
defaults write com.bohemiancoding.sketch3 exportCompactSVG -bool yes
```
### TextEdit
#### Use Plain Text Mode as Default
```bash
defaults write com.apple.TextEdit RichText -int 0
```
## Backup
### Time Machine
#### Change Backup Interval
This changes the interval to 30 minutes. The integer value is the time in seconds.
```bash
sudo defaults write /System/Library/Launch Daemons/com.apple.backupd-auto StartInterval -int 1800
```
#### Prevent Time Machine from Prompting to Use New Hard Drives as Backup Volume
```bash
defaults write com.apple.TimeMachine DoNotOfferNewDisksForBackup -bool true
```
#### Set Status
```bash
# Disable Local Time Machine Backups
hash tmutil & > /dev/null & & sudo tmutil disablelocal
# Enable Local Time Machine Backups (Default)
hash tmutil & > /dev/null & & sudo tmutil enablelocal
```
## Developer
### Vim
#### Compile Sane Vim
Compiling MacVim via Homebrew with all bells and whistles, including overriding system Vim.
```bash
brew install macvim --HEAD --with-cscope --with-lua --with-override-system-vim --with-luajit --with-python
```
#### Neovim
Install the development version of this modern Vim drop-in alternative via Homebrew.
```bash
brew tap neovim/neovim & & \
brew install --HEAD neovim
```
### Xcode
#### Install Command Line Tools without Xcode
```bash
xcode-select --install
```
#### Remove All Unavailable Simulators
```bash
xcrun simctl delete unavailable
```
## Disks and Volumes
#### Disable Sudden Motion Sensor
Leaving this turned on is useless when you're using SSDs.
```bash
sudo pmset -a sms 0
```
#### Eject All Mountable Volumes
The only reliable way to do this is by sending an AppleScript command to Finder.
```bash
osascript -e 'tell application "Finder" to eject (every disk whose ejectable is true)'
```
#### Repair File Permissions
You don't have to use the Disk Utility GUI for this.
```bash
sudo diskutil repairPermissions /
```
> Beginning with OS X El Capitan, system file permissions are automatically protected. It's no longer necessary to verify or repair permissions with Disk Utility. ([Source](https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201560))
#### Set Boot Volume
```bash
bless --mount "/path/to/mounted/volume" --setBoot
```
#### Show All Attached Disks and Partitions
```bash
diskutil list
```
#### View File System Usage
A continuous stream of file system access info.
```bash
sudo fs_usage
```
### Disk Images
#### Create Disk Image From Folder Contents
```bash
hdiutil create -volname "Volume Name" -srcfolder /path/to/folder -ov diskimage.dmg
```
If you'd like to encrypt the disk image:
```bash
hdiutil create -encryption -stdinpass -volname "Volume Name" -srcfolder /path/to/folder -ov encrypted.dmg
```
By default, you'll be prompted for a password. You can automate that by piping in a password:
```bash
echo -n YourPassword | hdiutil create -encryption -stdinpass -volname "Volume Name" -srcfolder /path/to/folder -ov encrypted.dmg
```
#### Burn Disk Images to DVD
This command applies to .iso, .img and .dmg images.
```bash
hdiutil burn /path/to/image_file
```
#### Disable Disk Image Verification
```bash
defaults write com.apple.frameworks.diskimages skip-verify -bool true & & \
defaults write com.apple.frameworks.diskimages skip-verify-locked -bool true & & \
defaults write com.apple.frameworks.diskimages skip-verify-remote -bool true
```
#### Make Volume OS X Bootable
```bash
bless --folder "/path/to/mounted/volume/System/Library/CoreServices" --bootinfo --bootefi
```
#### Mount Disk Image
```bash
hdiutil attach /path/to/diskimage.dmg
```
#### Unmount Disk Image
```bash
hdiutil detach /dev/disk2s1
```
#### Write Disk Image to Volume
Like the Disk Utility "Restore" function.
```bash
sudo asr -restore -noverify -source /path/to/diskimage.dmg -target /Volumes/VolumeToRestoreTo
```
## Dock
#### Add a Stack with Recent Applications
```bash
defaults write com.apple.dock persistent-others -array-add '{ "tile-data" = { "list-type" = 1; }; "tile-type" = "recents-tile"; }' & & \
killall Dock
```
#### Add a Space
```bash
defaults write com.apple.dock persistent-apps -array-add '{"tile-type"="spacer-tile";}' & & \
killall Dock
```
#### Set Auto Show/Hide Delay
The float number defines the show/hide delay in ms.
```bash
defaults write com.apple.Dock autohide-delay -float 0 & & \
killall Dock
```
#### Show Hidden App Icons
```bash
# Enable
defaults write com.apple.dock showhidden -bool true & & \
killall Dock
# Disable
defaults write com.apple.dock showhidden -bool false & & \
killall Dock
```
## Documents
#### Convert File to HTML
Supported formats are plain text, rich text (rtf) and Microsoft Word (doc/docx).
```bash
textutil -convert html file.ext
```
## Finder
### Files and Folders
#### Clear All ACLs
```bash
sudo chmod -RN /path/to/folder
```
#### Hide Folder in Finder
```bash
chflags hidden /path/to/folder/
```
#### Show All File Extensions
```bash
defaults write NSGlobalDomain AppleShowAllExtensions -bool true
```
#### Show Hidden Files
```bash
# Show All
defaults write com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles true
# Restore Default File Visibility
defaults write com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles false
```
#### Remove Protected Flag
```bash
sudo chflags -R nouchg /path/to/file/or/folder
```
#### Show Full Path in Finder Title
```bash
defaults write com.apple.finder _FXShowPosixPathInTitle -bool true
```
#### Unhide User Library Folder
```bash
chflags nohidden ~/Library
```
#### Increase Number of Recent Places
```bash
defaults write .GlobalPreferences NSNavRecentPlacesLimit -int 10 & & \
killall Finder
```
### Layout
#### Smooth Scrolling
Useful if you’ re on an older Mac that messes up the animation.
```bash
# Disable
defaults write NSGlobalDomain NSScrollAnimationEnabled -bool false
# Enable (Default)
defaults write NSGlobalDomain NSScrollAnimationEnabled -bool true
```
#### Rubberband Scrolling
```bash
# Disable
defaults write -g NSScrollViewRubberbanding -bool false
# Enable (Default)
defaults write -g NSScrollViewRubberbanding -bool true
```
#### Expand Save Panel by Default
```bash
defaults write NSGlobalDomain NSNavPanelExpandedStateForSaveMode -bool true & & \
defaults write NSGlobalDomain NSNavPanelExpandedStateForSaveMode2 -bool true
```
#### Desktop Icon Visibility
```bash
# Hide Icons
defaults write com.apple.finder CreateDesktop -bool false & & \
killall Finder
# Show Icons (Default)
defaults write com.apple.finder CreateDesktop -bool true & & \
killall Finder
```
#### Path Bar
```bash
# Show
defaults write com.apple.finder ShowPathbar -bool true
# Hide (Default)
defaults write com.apple.finder ShowPathbar -bool false
```
#### Scrollbar Visibility
Possible values: `WhenScrolling` , `Automatic` and `Always` .
```bash
defaults write NSGlobalDomain AppleShowScrollBars -string "Always"
```
#### Status Bar
```bash
# Show
defaults write com.apple.finder ShowStatusBar -bool true
# Hide (Default)
defaults write com.apple.finder ShowStatusBar -bool false
```
#### Save to Disk by Default
Sets default save target to be a local disk, not iCloud.
```bash
defaults write NSGlobalDomain NSDocumentSaveNewDocumentsToCloud -bool false
```
#### Set Current Folder as Default Search Scope
```bash
defaults write com.apple.finder FXDefaultSearchScope -string "SCcf"
```
#### Set Default Finder Location to Home Folder
```bash
defaults write com.apple.finder NewWindowTarget -string "PfLo" & & \
defaults write com.apple.finder NewWindowTargetPath -string "file://${HOME}"
```
#### Set Sidebar Icon Size
Sets size to 'medium'.
```bash
defaults write NSGlobalDomain NSTableViewDefaultSizeMode -int 2
```
### Metadata Files
#### Disable Creation of Metadata Files on Network Volumes
Avoids creation of `.DS_Store` and AppleDouble files.
```bash
defaults write com.apple.desktopservices DSDontWriteNetworkStores -bool true
```
#### Disable Creation of Metadata Files on USB Volumes
Avoids creation of `.DS_Store` and AppleDouble files.
```bash
defaults write com.apple.desktopservices DSDontWriteUSBStores -bool true
```
### Opening Things
#### Change Working Directory to Finder Path
If multiple windows are open, it chooses the top-most one.
```bash
cd "$(osascript -e 'tell app "Finder" to POSIX path of (insertion location as alias)')"
```
#### Open URL
```bash
open http://www.github.com
```
#### Open File
```bash
open README.md
```
#### Open Applications
You can open applications using `-a` .
```bash
open -a "Google Chrome" http://www.github.com
```
#### Open Folder
```bash
open /path/to/folder/
```
#### Open Current Folder
```bash
open .
```
## Fonts
#### Clear Font Cache for Current User
To clear font caches for all users, put `sudo` in front of this command.
```bash
atsutil databases -removeUser & & \
atsutil server -shutdown & & \
atsutil server -ping
```
## Functions
Please see [this file ](functions.md ).
## Hardware
### Hardware Information
#### List All Hardware Ports
```bash
networksetup -listallhardwareports
```
#### Remaining Battery Percentage
```bash
pmset -g batt | egrep "([0-9]+\%).*" -o --colour=auto | cut -f1 -d';'
```
#### Remaining Battery Time
```bash
pmset -g batt | egrep "([0-9]+\%).*" -o --colour=auto | cut -f3 -d';'
```
#### Show Connected Device's UDID
```bash
system_profiler SPUSBDataType | sed -n -e '/iPad/,/Serial/p' -e '/iPhone/,/Serial/p'
```
#### Show Current Screen Resolution
```bash
system_profiler SPDisplaysDataType | grep Resolution
```
#### Show CPU Brand String
```bash
sysctl -n machdep.cpu.brand_string
```
### Power Management
#### Prevent System Sleep
Prevent sleep for 1 hour:
```bash
caffeinate -u -t 3600
```
#### Show All Power Management Settings
```bash
sudo pmset -g
```
#### Put Display to Sleep after 15 Minutes of Inactivity
```bash
sudo pmset displaysleep 15
```
#### Put Computer to Sleep after 30 Minutes of Inactivity
```bash
sudo pmset sleep 30
```
#### Check System Sleep Idle Time
```bash
sudo systemsetup -getcomputersleep
```
#### Set System Sleep Idle Time to 60 Minutes
```bash
sudo systemsetup -setcomputersleep 60
```
#### Turn Off System Sleep Completely
```bash
sudo systemsetup -setcomputersleep Never
```
#### Automatic Restart on System Freeze
```bash
sudo systemsetup -setrestartfreeze on
```
#### Chime When Charging
Play iOS charging sound when MagSafe is connected.
```bash
# Enable
defaults write com.apple.PowerChime ChimeOnAllHardware -bool true & & \
open /System/Library/CoreServices/PowerChime.app
# Disable (Default)
defaults write com.apple.PowerChime ChimeOnAllHardware -bool false & & \
killall PowerChime
```
## Input Devices
### Keyboard
#### Auto-Correct
```bash
# Disable
defaults write -g NSAutomaticSpellingCorrectionEnabled -bool false
# Enable (Default)
defaults write -g NSAutomaticSpellingCorrectionEnabled -bool true
# Show Status
defaults read -g NSAutomaticSpellingCorrectionEnabled
```
#### Key Repeat
Disable the default "press and hold" behavior.
```bash
# Enable Key Repeat
defaults write -g ApplePressAndHoldEnabled -bool false
# Disable Key Repeat
defaults write -g ApplePressAndHoldEnabled -bool true
```
#### Key Repeat Rate
Sets a very fast repeat rate, adjust to taste.
```bash
defaults write NSGlobalDomain KeyRepeat -int 0.02
```
## Media
### Audio
#### Convert Audio File to iPhone Ringtone
```bash
afconvert input.mp3 ringtone.m4r -f m4af
```
#### Disable Sound Effects on Boot
```bash
sudo nvram SystemAudioVolume=" "
```
#### Mute Audio Output
```bash
osascript -e 'set volume output muted true'
```
#### Set Audio Volume
```bash
osascript -e 'set volume 4'
```
#### Play Audio File
You can play all audio formats that are natively supported by QuickTime.
```bash
afplay -q 1 filename.mp3
```
#### Speak Text with System Default Voice
```bash
say 'All your base are belong to us!'
```
### Video
#### Auto-Play Videos in QuickTime Player
```bash
defaults write com.apple.QuickTimePlayerX MGPlayMovieOnOpen 1
```
## Networking
### Bonjour
#### Bonjour Service
```bash
# Disable
sudo defaults write /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.mDNSResponder ProgramArguments -array-add "-NoMulticastAdvertisements"
# Enable (Default)
sudo defaults write /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.mDNSResponder ProgramArguments -array "/usr/sbin/mDNSResponder" "-launchd"
```
### DHCP
#### Renew DHCP Lease
```bash
sudo ipconfig set en0 DHCP
```
#### Show DHCP Info
```bash
ipconfig getpacket en0
```
### DNS
#### Clear DNS Cache
```bash
sudo dscacheutil -flushcache & & \
sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder
```
### Hostname
#### Set Computer Name/Host Name
```bash
sudo scutil --set ComputerName "newhostname" & & \
sudo scutil --set HostName "newhostname" & & \
sudo scutil --set LocalHostName "newhostname" & & \
sudo defaults write /Library/Preferences/SystemConfiguration/com.apple.smb.server NetBIOSName -string "newhostname"
```
### Networking Tools
#### Ping a Host to See Whether It’ s Available
```bash
ping -o github.com
```
#### Troubleshoot Routing Problems
```bash
traceroute github.com
```
### TCP/IP
#### Show Application Using a Certain Port
This outputs all applications currently using port 80.
```bash
sudo lsof -i :80
```
#### Show External IP Address
```bash
dig +short myip.opendns.com @resolver1 .opendns.com
```
### Wi-Fi
#### Join a Wi-Fi Network
```bash
networksetup -setairportnetwork en0 WIFI_SSID WIFI_PASSWORD
```
#### Scan Available Access Points
Create a symbolic link to the airport command for easy access:
```bash
sudo ln -s /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Apple80211.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/airport /usr/local/bin/airport
```
Run a wireless scan:
```bash
airport -s
```
#### Show Current SSID
```bash
/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Apple80211.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/airport -I | awk '/ SSID/ {print substr($0, index($0, $2))}'
```
#### Show Local IP Address
```bash
ipconfig getifaddr en0
```
#### Show Wi-Fi Connection History
```bash
defaults read /Library/Preferences/SystemConfiguration/com.apple.airport.preferences | grep LastConnected -A 7
```
#### Show Wi-Fi Network Passwords
Exchange SSID with the SSID of the access point you wish to query the password from.
```bash
security find-generic-password -D "AirPort network password" -a "SSID" -gw
```
#### Turn on Wi-Fi Adapter
```bash
networksetup -setairportpower en0 on
```
## Package Managers
- [Fink ](http://www.finkproject.org ) - The full world of Unix Open Source software for Darwin.
- [Homebrew ](http://brew.sh ) - The missing package manager for OS X.
- [MacPorts ](https://www.macports.org ) - Compile, install and upgrade either command-line, X11 or Aqua based open-source software.
## Printing
#### Clear Print Queue
```bash
cancel -a -
```
#### Expand Print Panel by Default
```bash
defaults write NSGlobalDomain PMPrintingExpandedStateForPrint -bool true & & \
defaults write NSGlobalDomain PMPrintingExpandedStateForPrint2 -bool true
```
#### Quit Printer App After Print Jobs Complete
```bash
defaults write com.apple.print.PrintingPrefs "Quit When Finished" -bool true
```
## Security
### Application Firewall
#### Firewall Service
```bash
# Show Status
sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --getglobalstate
# Enable
sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --setglobalstate on
# Disable (Default)
sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --setglobalstate off
```
#### Add Application to Firewall
```bash
sudo /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --add /path/to/file
```
### Gatekeeper
#### Add Gatekeeper Exception
```bash
spctl --add /path/to/Application.app
```
#### Remove Gatekeeper Exception
```bash
spctl --remove /path/to/Application.app
```
### Passwords
#### Generate Secure Password and Copy to Clipboard
First, install `pwgen` via Homebrew, etc.
```bash
pwgen -Cs 20 1 | tr -d ' ' | tr -d '\n' | pbcopy
```
### Physical Access
#### Launch Screen Saver
```bash
open /System/Library/Frameworks/ScreenSaver.framework/Versions/A/Resources/ScreenSaverEngine.app
```
#### Lock Screen
```bash
/System/Library/CoreServices/Menu\ Extras/User.menu/Contents/Resources/CGSession -suspend
```
### Wiping Data
#### Securely Remove File
```bash
srm /path/to/file
```
#### Securely Remove Folder
```bash
srm -r /path/to/folder/
```
#### Securely Remove Path (Force)
```bash
srm -rf /path/to/complete/destruction
```
## Search
### Find
#### Recursively Delete .DS_Store Files
```bash
find . -type f -name '*.DS_Store' -ls -delete
```
### Locate
#### Build Locate Database
```bash
sudo launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.locate.plist
```
#### Search via Locate
The `-i` modifier makes the search case insensitive.
```bash
locate -i *.jpg
```
## System
### AirDrop
#### Enable AirDrop over Ethernet and on Unsupported Macs
```bash
defaults write com.apple.NetworkBrowser BrowseAllInterfaces -bool true
```
### AppleScript
#### Execute AppleScript
```bash
osascript /path/to/script.scpt
```
### Basics
#### Restart
```bash
sudo reboot
```
#### Shutdown
```bash
sudo poweroff
```
#### Show Build Number of OS
```bash
sw_vers
```
#### Uptime
How long since your last restart.
```bash
uptime
```
### Clipboard
#### Copy data to Clipboard
```bash
cat whatever.txt | pbcopy
```
#### Convert Clipboard to Plain Text
```bash
pbpaste | textutil -convert txt -stdin -stdout -encoding 30 | pbcopy
```
#### Convert Tabs to Spaces for Clipboard Content
```bash
pbpaste | expand | pbcopy
```
#### Copy data from Clipboard
```bash
pbpaste > whatever.txt
```
#### Sort and Strip Duplicate Lines from Clipboard Content
```bash
pbpaste | sort | uniq | pbcopy
```
### FileVault
#### Automatically Unlock FileVault on Restart
If FileVault is enabled on the current volume, it restarts the system, bypassing the initial unlock. The command may not work on all systems.
```bash
sudo fdesetup authrestart
```
#### FileVault Service
```bash
# Status
sudo fdesetup status
# Enable
sudo fdesetup enable
# Disable (Default)
sudo fdestatus disable
```
### Information/Reports
#### Generate Advanced System and Performance Report
```bash
sudo sysdiagnose -f ~/Desktop/
```
### Kernel Extensions
#### Display Status of Loaded Kernel Extensions
```bash
sudo kextstat -l
```
#### Load Kernel Extension
```bash
sudo kextload -b com.apple.driver.ExampleBundle
```
#### Unload Kernel Extensions
```bash
sudo kextunload -b com.apple.driver.ExampleBundle
```
### LaunchAgents
Please see [this file ](launchagents.md ).
### LaunchServices
#### Rebuild LaunchServices Database
To be independent of OS X version, this relies on `locate` to find `lsregister` . If you do not have your `locate` database built yet, [do it ](#build-locate-database ).
```bash
sudo $(locate lsregister) -kill -seed -r
```
### Login Window
#### Set Login Window Text
```bash
sudo defaults write /Library/Preferences/com.apple.loginwindow LoginwindowText "Your text"
```
### Memory Management
#### Purge memory cache
```bash
sudo purge
```
#### Show Memory Statistics
```bash
# One time
vm_stat
# Table of data, repeat 10 times total, 1 second wait between each poll
vm_stat -c 10 1
```
### Notification Center
#### Notification Center Service
```bash
# Disable
launchctl unload -w /System/Library/LaunchAgents/com.apple.notificationcenterui.plist & & \
killall -9 NotificationCenter
# Enable (Default)
launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchAgents/com.apple.notificationcenterui.plist
```
### QuickLook
#### Preview via QuickLook
```bash
qlmanage -p /path/to/file
```
### Root User
```bash
# Enable
dsenableroot
# Disable
dsenableroot -d
```
### Safe Mode Boot
```bash
# Status
nvram boot-args
# Enable
sudo nvram boot-args="-x"
# Disable
sudo nvram boot-args=""
```
### Screenshots
#### Take Delayed Screenshot
Takes a screenshot as JPEG after 3 seconds and displays in Preview.
```bash
screencapture -T 3 -t jpg -P delayedpic.jpg
```
#### Save Screenshots to Given Location
Sets location to `~/Desktop` .
```bash
defaults write com.apple.screencapture location ~/Desktop & & \
killall SystemUIServer
```
#### Save Screenshots in Given Format
Sets format to `png` . Other options are `bmp` , `gif` , `jpg` , `jpeg` , `pdf` , `tiff` .
```bash
defaults write com.apple.screencapture type -string "png"
```
#### Disable Shadow in Screenshots
```bash
defaults write com.apple.screencapture disable-shadow -bool true & & \
killall SystemUIServer
```
#### Set Default Screenshot Name
Date and time remain unchanged.
```bash
defaults write com.apple.screencapture name "Example name" & & \
killall SystemUIServer
```
### Software Installation
#### Install PKG
```bash
installer -pkg /path/to/installer.pkg -target /
```
### Software Update
#### Install All Available Software Updates
```bash
sudo softwareupdate -ia
```
#### Set Software Update Check Interval
Set to check daily instead of weekly.
```bash
defaults write com.apple.SoftwareUpdate ScheduleFrequency -int 1
```
#### Show Available Software Updates
```bash
sudo softwareupdate -l
```
#### Set Software Update Server
This should only be done for testing purposes or unmanaged clients. To use network-wide, either correctly set up DNS along with [Apple SUS service ](http://krypted.com/mac-security/using-the-software-update-service-on-mountain-lion-server/ ) and bind your clients via OpenDirectory. Alternatively, use [Reposado ](https://github.com/wdas/reposado ) together with correct network DNS settings to make resolution transparent. [Margarita ](https://github.com/jessepeterson/margarita ) looks nice to have as well.
```bash
# Use own SUS
sudo defaults write /Library/Preferences/com.apple.SoftwareUpdate CatalogURL http://su.example.com:8088/index.sucatalog
# Reset to Apple SUS
sudo defaults delete /Library/Preferences/com.apple.SoftwareUpdate CatalogURL
```
### Spotlight
#### Spotlight Indexing
```bash
# Disable
mdutil -i off -d /path/to/volume
# Enable (Default)
mdutil -i on /path/to/volume
```
#### Erase Spotlight Index and Rebuild
```bash
mdutil -E /path/to/volume
```
#### Search via Spotlight
```bash
mdfind -name 'searchterm'
```
### System Integrity Protection
#### Disable System Integrity Protection
Reboot while holding < kbd > Cmd< / kbd > + < kbd > R< / kbd > , open the Terminal application and enter:
```bash
csrutil disable & & reboot
```
#### Enable System Integrity Protection
Reboot while holding < kbd > Cmd< / kbd > + < kbd > R< / kbd > , open the Terminal application and enter:
```bash
csrutil enable & & reboot
```
## Terminal
#### Ring Terminal Bell
Rings the terminal bell (if enabled) and puts a badge on it.
```bash
tput bel
```
### Alternative Terminals
- [iTerm 2 ](https://iterm2.com ) - A better Terminal.app.
- [TotalTerminal ](http://totalterminal.binaryage.com ) - A system-wide terminal available on a hot-key.
### Shells
#### Bash
Install the latest version and set as current users' default shell:
```bash
brew install bash & & \
sudo echo $(brew --prefix)/bin/bash >> /etc/shells & & \
chsh -s $(brew --prefix)/bin/bash
```
- [Homepage ](https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/ ) - The default shell for OS X and most other Unix-based operating systems.
#### fish
Install the latest version and set as current users' default shell:
```bash
brew install fish & & \
chsh -s $(brew --prefix)/bin/fish
```
- [Homepage ](http://fishshell.com ) - A smart and user-friendly command line
shell for OS X, Linux, and the rest of the family.
- [The Fishshell Framework ](https://github.com/oh-my-fish/oh-my-fish ) - Provides core infrastructure to allow you to install packages which extend or modify the look of your shell.
#### Zsh
Install the latest version and set as current users' default shell:
```bash
brew install zsh & & \
sudo sh -c 'echo $(brew --prefix)/bin/zsh >> /etc/shells' & & \
chsh -s $(brew --prefix)/bin/zsh
```
- [Homepage ](http://www.zsh.org ) - Zsh is a shell designed for interactive use, although it is also a powerful scripting language.
- [Oh My Zsh ](http://ohmyz.sh ) - An open source, community-driven framework for managing your Zsh configuration.
- [Prezto ](https://github.com/sorin-ionescu/prezto ) - A speedy Zsh framework. Enriches the command line interface environment with sane defaults, aliases, functions, auto completion, and prompt themes.
- [zgen ](https://github.com/tarjoilija/zgen ) - Another open source framework for managing your zsh configuration. Zgen will load oh-my-zsh compatible plugins and themes and has the advantage of both being faster and automatically cloning any plugins used in your configuration for you.
### Terminal Fonts
- [Anonymous Pro ](http://www.marksimonson.com/fonts/view/anonymous-pro ) - A family of four fixed-width fonts designed with coding in mind.
- [DejaVu Sans Mono ](http://dejavu-fonts.org/wiki/Main_Page ) - A font family based on the Vera Fonts.
- [Hack ](http://sourcefoundry.org/hack/ ) - Hack is hand groomed and optically balanced to be your go-to code face.
- [Inconsolata ](http://levien.com/type/myfonts/inconsolata.html ) - A monospace font, designed for code listings and the like.
- [Input ](http://input.fontbureau.com ) - A flexible system of fonts designed specifically for code.
- [Meslo ](https://github.com/andreberg/Meslo-Font ) - Customized version of Apple's Menlo font.
- [Powerline Fonts ](https://github.com/powerline/fonts ) - Repo of patched fonts for the Powerline plugin.
- [Source Code Pro ](https://adobe-fonts.github.io/source-code-pro/ ) - A monospaced font family for user interfaces and coding environments.
## License
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