a0e979d097
The spec says: “Implementations must take care not to expand field codes into multiple arguments unless explicitly instructed by this specification. This means that name fields, filenames and other replacements that can contain spaces must be passed as a single argument to the executable program after expansion.” fixes #1240
530 lines
18 KiB
Perl
Executable File
530 lines
18 KiB
Perl
Executable File
#!/usr/bin/env perl
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# vim:ts=4:sw=4:expandtab
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#
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# © 2012-2013 Michael Stapelberg
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#
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# No dependencies except for perl ≥ v5.10
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use strict;
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use warnings qw(FATAL utf8);
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use Data::Dumper;
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use IPC::Open2;
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use POSIX qw(locale_h);
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use File::Find;
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use File::Basename qw(basename);
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use File::Temp qw(tempfile);
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use Getopt::Long;
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use Pod::Usage;
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use v5.10;
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use utf8;
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use open ':encoding(UTF-8)';
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binmode STDOUT, ':utf8';
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binmode STDERR, ':utf8';
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# reads in a whole file
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sub slurp {
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my ($filename) = @_;
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open(my $fh, '<', $filename) or die "$!";
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local $/;
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my $result;
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eval {
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$result = <$fh>;
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};
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if ($@) {
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warn "Could not read $filename: $@";
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return undef;
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} else {
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return $result;
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}
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}
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my @entry_types;
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my $dmenu_cmd = 'dmenu -i';
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my $result = GetOptions(
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'dmenu=s' => \$dmenu_cmd,
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'entry-type=s' => \@entry_types,
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'version' => sub {
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say "dmenu-desktop 1.5 © 2012-2013 Michael Stapelberg";
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exit 0;
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},
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'help' => sub {
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pod2usage(-exitval => 0);
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});
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die "Could not parse command line options" unless $result;
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# Filter entry types and set default type(s) if none selected
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my @valid_types = ('name', 'command', 'filename');
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@entry_types = grep { $_ ~~ @valid_types } @entry_types;
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@entry_types = ('name', 'command') unless @entry_types;
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# ┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
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# ┃ Convert LC_MESSAGES into an ordered list of suffixes to search for in the ┃
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# ┃ .desktop files (e.g. “Name[de_DE@euro]” for LC_MESSAGES=de_DE.UTF-8@euro ┃
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# ┗━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┛
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# For details on how the transformation of LC_MESSAGES to a list of keys that
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# should be looked up works, refer to “Localized values for keys” of the
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# “Desktop Entry Specification”:
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# http://standards.freedesktop.org/desktop-entry-spec/latest/ar01s04.html
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my $lc_messages = setlocale(LC_MESSAGES);
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# Ignore the encoding (e.g. .UTF-8)
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$lc_messages =~ s/\.[^@]+//g;
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my @suffixes = ($lc_messages);
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# _COUNTRY and @MODIFIER are present
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if ($lc_messages =~ /_[^@]+@/) {
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my $no_modifier = $lc_messages;
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$no_modifier =~ s/@.*//g;
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push @suffixes, $no_modifier;
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my $no_country = $lc_messages;
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$no_country =~ s/_[^@]+//g;
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push @suffixes, $no_country;
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}
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# Strip _COUNTRY and @MODIFIER if present
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$lc_messages =~ s/[_@].*//g;
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push @suffixes, $lc_messages;
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# ┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
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# ┃ Read all .desktop files and store the values in which we are interested. ┃
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# ┗━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┛
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my %desktops;
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# See http://standards.freedesktop.org/basedir-spec/basedir-spec-latest.html#variables
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my $xdg_data_home = $ENV{XDG_DATA_HOME};
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$xdg_data_home = $ENV{HOME} . '/.local/share' if
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!defined($xdg_data_home) ||
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$xdg_data_home eq '' ||
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! -d $xdg_data_home;
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my $xdg_data_dirs = $ENV{XDG_DATA_DIRS};
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$xdg_data_dirs = '/usr/local/share/:/usr/share/' if
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!defined($xdg_data_dirs) ||
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$xdg_data_dirs eq '';
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my @searchdirs = ("$xdg_data_home/applications/");
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for my $dir (split(':', $xdg_data_dirs)) {
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push @searchdirs, "$dir/applications/";
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}
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# Cleanup the paths, maybe some application does not cope with double slashes
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# (the field code %k is replaced with the .desktop file location).
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@searchdirs = map { s,//,/,g; $_ } @searchdirs;
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# To avoid errors by File::Find’s find(), only pass existing directories.
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@searchdirs = grep { -d $_ } @searchdirs;
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find(
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{
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wanted => sub {
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return unless substr($_, -1 * length('.desktop')) eq '.desktop';
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my $relative = $File::Find::name;
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# + 1 for the trailing /, which is missing in ::topdir.
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substr($relative, 0, length($File::Find::topdir) + 1) = '';
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# Don’t overwrite files with the same relative path, we search in
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# descending order of importance.
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return if exists($desktops{$relative});
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$desktops{$relative} = $File::Find::name;
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},
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no_chdir => 1,
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},
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@searchdirs
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);
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my %apps;
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for my $file (values %desktops) {
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my $base = basename($file);
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# _ is an invalid character for a key, so we can use it for our own keys.
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$apps{$base}->{_Location} = $file;
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# Extract all “Name” and “Exec” keys from the [Desktop Entry] group
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# and store them in $apps{$base}.
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my %names;
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my $content = slurp($file);
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next unless defined($content);
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my @lines = split("\n", $content);
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for my $line (@lines) {
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my $first = substr($line, 0, 1);
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next if $line eq '' || $first eq '#';
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next unless ($line eq '[Desktop Entry]' ..
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($first eq '[' &&
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substr($line, -1) eq ']' &&
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$line ne '[Desktop Entry]'));
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next if $first eq '[';
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my ($key, $value) = ($line =~ /^
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(
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[A-Za-z0-9-]+ # the spec specifies these as valid key characters
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(?:\[[^]]+\])? # possibly, there as a locale suffix
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)
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\s* = \s* # whitespace around = should be ignored
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(.*) # no restrictions on the values
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$/x);
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if ($key =~ /^Name/) {
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$names{$key} = $value;
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} elsif ($key eq 'Exec' ||
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$key eq 'TryExec' ||
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$key eq 'Path' ||
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$key eq 'Type') {
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$apps{$base}->{$key} = $value;
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} elsif ($key eq 'NoDisplay' ||
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$key eq 'Hidden' ||
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$key eq 'StartupNotify' ||
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$key eq 'Terminal') {
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# Values of type boolean must either be string true or false,
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# see “Possible value types”:
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# http://standards.freedesktop.org/desktop-entry-spec/latest/ar01s03.html
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$apps{$base}->{$key} = ($value eq 'true');
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}
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}
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for my $suffix (@suffixes) {
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next unless exists($names{"Name[$suffix]"});
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$apps{$base}->{Name} = $names{"Name[$suffix]"};
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last;
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}
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# Fallback to unlocalized “Name”.
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$apps{$base}->{Name} = $names{Name} unless exists($apps{$base}->{Name});
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}
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# %apps now looks like this:
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#
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# %apps = {
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# 'evince.desktop' => {
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# 'Exec' => 'evince %U',
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# 'Name' => 'Dokumentenbetrachter',
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# '_Location' => '/usr/share/applications/evince.desktop'
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# },
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# 'gedit.desktop' => {
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# 'Exec' => 'gedit %U',
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# 'Name' => 'gedit',
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# '_Location' => '/usr/share/applications/gedit.desktop'
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# }
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# };
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# ┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
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# ┃ Turn %apps inside out to provide Name → filename lookup. ┃
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# ┃ The Name is what we display in dmenu later. ┃
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# ┗━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┛
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my %choices;
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for my $app (keys %apps) {
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my $name = $apps{$app}->{Name};
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# Don’t try to use .desktop files which don’t have Type=application
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next if (!exists($apps{$app}->{Type}) ||
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$apps{$app}->{Type} ne 'Application');
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# Skip broken files (Type=application, but no Exec key).
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if (!exists($apps{$app}->{Exec}) ||
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$apps{$app}->{Exec} eq '') {
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warn 'File ' . $apps{$app}->{_Location} . ' is broken: it contains Type=Application, but no Exec key/value pair.';
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next;
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}
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# Don’t offer apps which have NoDisplay == true or Hidden == true.
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# See http://wiki.xfce.org/howto/customize-menu#hide_menu_entries
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# for the difference between NoDisplay and Hidden.
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next if (exists($apps{$app}->{NoDisplay}) && $apps{$app}->{NoDisplay}) ||
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(exists($apps{$app}->{Hidden}) && $apps{$app}->{Hidden});
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if (exists($apps{$app}->{TryExec})) {
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my $tryexec = $apps{$app}->{TryExec};
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if (substr($tryexec, 0, 1) eq '/') {
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# Skip if absolute path is not executable.
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next unless -x $tryexec;
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} else {
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# Search in $PATH for the executable.
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my $found = 0;
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for my $path (split(':', $ENV{PATH})) {
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next unless -x "$path/$tryexec";
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$found = 1;
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last;
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}
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next unless $found;
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}
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}
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if ('name' ~~ @entry_types) {
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if (exists($choices{$name})) {
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# There are two .desktop files which contain the same “Name” value.
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# I’m not sure if that is allowed to happen, but we disambiguate the
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# situation by appending “ (2)”, “ (3)”, etc. to the name.
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#
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# An example of this happening is exo-file-manager.desktop and
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# thunar-settings.desktop, both of which contain “Name=File Manager”.
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my $inc = 2;
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$inc++ while exists($choices{"$name ($inc)"});
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$name = "$name ($inc)";
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}
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$choices{$name} = $app;
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}
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if ('command' ~~ @entry_types) {
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my ($command) = split(' ', $apps{$app}->{Exec});
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# Don’t add “geany” if “Geany” is already present.
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my @keys = map { lc } keys %choices;
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next if lc(basename($command)) ~~ @keys;
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$choices{basename($command)} = $app;
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}
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if ('filename' ~~ @entry_types) {
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my $filename = basename($app, '.desktop');
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# Don’t add “geany” if “Geany” is already present.
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my @keys = map { lc } keys %choices;
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next if lc($filename) ~~ @keys;
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$choices{$filename} = $app;
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}
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}
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# %choices now looks like this:
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#
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# %choices = {
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# 'Dokumentenbetrachter' => 'evince.desktop',
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# 'gedit' => 'gedit.desktop'
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# };
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# ┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
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# ┃ Run dmenu to ask the user for her choice ┃
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# ┗━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┛
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# open2 will just make dmenu’s STDERR go to our own STDERR.
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my ($dmenu_out, $dmenu_in);
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my $pid = eval {
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open2($dmenu_out, $dmenu_in, $dmenu_cmd);
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} or do {
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print STDERR "$@";
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say STDERR "Running dmenu failed. Is dmenu installed at all? Try running dmenu -v";
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exit 1;
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};
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binmode $dmenu_in, ':utf8';
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binmode $dmenu_out, ':utf8';
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# Feed dmenu the possible choices.
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say $dmenu_in $_ for sort keys %choices;
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close($dmenu_in);
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waitpid($pid, 0);
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my $status = ($? >> 8);
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# Pass on dmenu’s exit status if there was an error.
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exit $status unless $status == 0;
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my $choice = <$dmenu_out>;
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# dmenu ≥ 4.4 adds a newline after the choice
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chomp($choice);
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my $app;
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# Exact match: the user chose “Avidemux (GTK+)”
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if (exists($choices{$choice})) {
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$app = $apps{$choices{$choice}};
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$choice = '';
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} else {
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# Not an exact match: the user entered “Avidemux (GTK+) ~/movie.mp4”
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for my $possibility (keys %choices) {
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next unless substr($choice, 0, length($possibility)) eq $possibility;
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$app = $apps{$choices{$possibility}};
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substr($choice, 0, length($possibility)) = '';
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# Remove whitespace separating the entry and arguments.
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$choice =~ s/^\s//g;
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last;
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}
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if (!defined($app)) {
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warn "Invalid input: “$choice” does not match any application. Trying to execute nevertheless.";
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$app->{Name} = '';
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$app->{Exec} = $choice;
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# We assume that the app is old and does not support startup
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# notifications because it doesn’t ship a desktop file.
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$app->{StartupNotify} = 0;
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$app->{_Location} = '';
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}
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}
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# ┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
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# ┃ Make i3 start the chosen application. ┃
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# ┗━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┛
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my $name = $app->{Name};
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my $exec = $app->{Exec};
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my $location = $app->{_Location};
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# Quote as described by “The Exec key”:
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# http://standards.freedesktop.org/desktop-entry-spec/latest/ar01s06.html
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sub quote {
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my ($str) = @_;
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$str =~ s/("|`|\$|\\)/\\$1/g;
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$str = qq|"$str"| if $str ne "";
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return $str;
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}
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$choice = quote($choice);
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$location = quote($location);
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$name = quote($name);
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# Remove deprecated field codes, as the spec dictates.
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$exec =~ s/%[dDnNvm]//g;
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# Replace filename field codes with the rest of the command line.
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# Note that we assume the user uses precisely one file name,
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# not multiple file names.
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$exec =~ s/%[fF]/$choice/g;
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# If the program works with URLs,
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# we assume the user provided a URL instead of a filename.
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# As per the spec, there must be at most one of %f, %u, %F or %U present.
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$exec =~ s/%[uU]/$choice/g;
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# The translated name of the application.
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$exec =~ s/%c/$name/g;
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# XXX: Icons are not implemented. Is the complexity (looking up the path if
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# only a name is given) actually worth it?
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#$exec =~ s/%i/--icon $icon/g;
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$exec =~ s/%i//g;
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|
||
# location of .desktop file
|
||
$exec =~ s/%k/$location/g;
|
||
|
||
# Literal % characters are represented as %%.
|
||
$exec =~ s/%%/%/g;
|
||
|
||
if (exists($app->{Path}) && $app->{Path} ne '') {
|
||
$exec = 'cd ' . $app->{Path} . ' && ' . $exec;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
my $nosn = '';
|
||
my $cmd;
|
||
if (exists($app->{Terminal}) && $app->{Terminal}) {
|
||
# For applications which specify “Terminal=true” (e.g. htop.desktop),
|
||
# we need to create a temporary script that contains the full command line
|
||
# as the syntax for starting commands with arguments varies from terminal
|
||
# emulator to terminal emulator.
|
||
# Then, we launch that script with i3-sensible-terminal.
|
||
my ($fh, $filename) = tempfile();
|
||
binmode($fh, ':utf8');
|
||
say $fh <<EOT;
|
||
#!/bin/sh
|
||
rm $filename
|
||
exec $exec
|
||
EOT
|
||
close($fh);
|
||
chmod 0755, $filename;
|
||
|
||
$cmd = qq|exec i3-sensible-terminal -e "$filename"|;
|
||
} else {
|
||
# i3 executes applications by passing the argument to i3’s “exec” command
|
||
# as-is to $SHELL -c. The i3 parser supports quoted strings: When a string
|
||
# starts with a double quote ("), everything is parsed as-is until the next
|
||
# double quote which is NOT preceded by a backslash (\).
|
||
#
|
||
# Therefore, we escape all double quotes (") by replacing them with \"
|
||
$exec =~ s/"/\\"/g;
|
||
|
||
if (exists($app->{StartupNotify}) && !$app->{StartupNotify}) {
|
||
$nosn = '--no-startup-id';
|
||
}
|
||
$cmd = qq|exec $nosn "$exec"|;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
system('i3-msg', $cmd) == 0 or die "Could not launch i3-msg: $?";
|
||
|
||
=encoding utf-8
|
||
|
||
=head1 NAME
|
||
|
||
i3-dmenu-desktop - run .desktop files with dmenu
|
||
|
||
=head1 SYNOPSIS
|
||
|
||
i3-dmenu-desktop [--dmenu='dmenu -i'] [--entry-type=name]
|
||
|
||
=head1 DESCRIPTION
|
||
|
||
i3-dmenu-desktop is a script which extracts the (localized) name from
|
||
application .desktop files, offers the user a choice via dmenu(1) and then
|
||
starts the chosen application via i3 (for startup notification support).
|
||
The advantage of using .desktop files instead of dmenu_run(1) is that dmenu_run
|
||
offers B<all> binaries in your $PATH, including non-interactive utilities like
|
||
"sed". Also, .desktop files contain a proper name, information about whether
|
||
the application runs in a terminal and whether it supports startup
|
||
notifications.
|
||
|
||
The .desktop files are searched in $XDG_DATA_HOME/applications (by default
|
||
$HOME/.local/share/applications) and in the "applications" subdirectory of each
|
||
entry of $XDG_DATA_DIRS (by default /usr/local/share/:/usr/share/).
|
||
|
||
Files with the same name in $XDG_DATA_HOME/applications take precedence over
|
||
files in $XDG_DATA_DIRS, so that you can overwrite parts of the system-wide
|
||
.desktop files by copying them to your local directory and making changes.
|
||
|
||
i3-dmenu-desktop displays the "Name" value in the localized version depending
|
||
on LC_MESSAGES as specified in the Desktop Entry Specification.
|
||
|
||
You can pass a filename or URL (%f/%F and %u/%U field codes in the .desktop
|
||
file respectively) by appending it to the name of the application. E.g., if you
|
||
want to launch "GNU Emacs 24" with the patch /tmp/foobar.txt, you would type
|
||
"emacs", press TAB, type " /tmp/foobar.txt" and press ENTER.
|
||
|
||
.desktop files with Terminal=true are started using i3-sensible-terminal(1).
|
||
|
||
.desktop files with NoDisplay=true or Hidden=true are skipped.
|
||
|
||
UTF-8 is supported, of course, but dmenu does not support displaying all
|
||
glyphs. E.g., xfce4-terminal.desktop's Name[fi]=Pääte will be displayed just
|
||
fine, but not its Name[ru]=Терминал.
|
||
|
||
=head1 OPTIONS
|
||
|
||
=over
|
||
|
||
=item B<--dmenu=command>
|
||
|
||
Execute command instead of 'dmenu -i'. This option can be used to pass custom
|
||
parameters to dmenu, or to make i3-dmenu-desktop start a custom (patched?)
|
||
version of dmenu.
|
||
|
||
=item B<--entry-type=type>
|
||
|
||
Display the (localized) "Name" (type = name), the command (type = command) or
|
||
the (*.desktop) filename (type = filename) in dmenu. This option can be
|
||
specified multiple times.
|
||
|
||
Examples are "GNU Image Manipulation Program" (type = name), "gimp" (type =
|
||
command), and "libreoffice-writer" (type = filename).
|
||
|
||
=back
|
||
|
||
=head1 VERSION
|
||
|
||
Version 1.5
|
||
|
||
=head1 AUTHOR
|
||
|
||
Michael Stapelberg, C<< <michael at i3wm.org> >>
|
||
|
||
=head1 LICENSE AND COPYRIGHT
|
||
|
||
Copyright 2012 Michael Stapelberg.
|
||
|
||
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||
under the terms of the BSD license.
|
||
|
||
=cut
|