i3/src/manage.c

/*
 * vim:ts=8:expandtab
 *
 * i3 - an improved dynamic tiling window manager
 *
 * © 2009 Michael Stapelberg and contributors
 *
 * See file LICENSE for license information.
 *
 * src/manage.c: Contains all functions for initially managing new windows
 *               (or existing ones on restart).
 *
 */
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <assert.h>

#include <xcb/xcb.h>
#include <xcb/xcb_icccm.h>

#include "xcb.h"
#include "data.h"
#include "util.h"
#include "i3.h"
#include "table.h"
#include "config.h"
#include "handlers.h"
#include "layout.h"
#include "manage.h"
#include "floating.h"
#include "client.h"

/*
 * Go through all existing windows (if the window manager is restarted) and manage them
 *
 */
void manage_existing_windows(xcb_connection_t *conn, xcb_property_handlers_t *prophs, xcb_window_t root) {
        xcb_query_tree_reply_t *reply;
        int i, len;
        xcb_window_t *children;
        xcb_get_window_attributes_cookie_t *cookies;

        /* Get the tree of windows whose parent is the root window (= all) */
        if ((reply = xcb_query_tree_reply(conn, xcb_query_tree(conn, root), 0)) == NULL)
                return;

        len = xcb_query_tree_children_length(reply);
        cookies = smalloc(len * sizeof(*cookies));

        /* Request the window attributes for every window */
        children = xcb_query_tree_children(reply);
        for(i = 0; i < len; ++i)
                cookies[i] = xcb_get_window_attributes(conn, children[i]);

        /* Call manage_window with the attributes for every window */
        for(i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
                window_attributes_t wa = { TAG_COOKIE, { cookies[i] } };
                manage_window(prophs, conn, children[i], wa);
        }

        free(reply);
        free(cookies);
}

/*
 * Do some sanity checks and then reparent the window.
 *
 */
void manage_window(xcb_property_handlers_t *prophs, xcb_connection_t *conn, xcb_window_t window, window_attributes_t wa) {
        LOG("managing window.\n");
        xcb_drawable_t d = { window };
        xcb_get_geometry_cookie_t geomc;
        xcb_get_geometry_reply_t *geom;
        xcb_get_window_attributes_reply_t *attr = 0;

        if (wa.tag == TAG_COOKIE) {
                /* Check if the window is mapped (it could be not mapped when intializing and
                   calling manage_window() for every window) */
                if ((attr = xcb_get_window_attributes_reply(conn, wa.u.cookie, 0)) == NULL)
                        return;

                if (attr->map_state != XCB_MAP_STATE_VIEWABLE)
                        goto out;

                wa.tag = TAG_VALUE;
                wa.u.override_redirect = attr->override_redirect;
        }

        /* Don’t manage clients with the override_redirect flag */
        if (wa.u.override_redirect)
                goto out;

        /* Check if the window is already managed */
        if (table_get(&by_child, window))
                goto out;

        /* Get the initial geometry (position, size, …) */
        geomc = xcb_get_geometry(conn, d);
        if (!attr) {
                wa.tag = TAG_COOKIE;
                wa.u.cookie = xcb_get_window_attributes(conn, window);
                if ((attr = xcb_get_window_attributes_reply(conn, wa.u.cookie, 0)) == NULL)
                        return;
        }
        if ((geom = xcb_get_geometry_reply(conn, geomc, 0)) == NULL)
                goto out;

        /* Reparent the window and add it to our list of managed windows */
        reparent_window(conn, window, attr->visual, geom->root, geom->depth,
                        geom->x, geom->y, geom->width, geom->height);

        /* Generate callback events for every property we watch */
        xcb_property_changed(prophs, XCB_PROPERTY_NEW_VALUE, window, WM_CLASS);
        xcb_property_changed(prophs, XCB_PROPERTY_NEW_VALUE, window, WM_NAME);
        xcb_property_changed(prophs, XCB_PROPERTY_NEW_VALUE, window, WM_NORMAL_HINTS);
        xcb_property_changed(prophs, XCB_PROPERTY_NEW_VALUE, window, WM_TRANSIENT_FOR);
        xcb_property_changed(prophs, XCB_PROPERTY_NEW_VALUE, window, atoms[_NET_WM_NAME]);

        free(geom);
out:
        free(attr);
        return;
}

/*
 * reparent_window() gets called when a new window was opened and becomes a child of the root
 * window, or it gets called by us when we manage the already existing windows at startup.
 *
 * Essentially, this is the point where we take over control.
 *
 */
void reparent_window(xcb_connection_t *conn, xcb_window_t child,
                     xcb_visualid_t visual, xcb_window_t root, uint8_t depth,
                     int16_t x, int16_t y, uint16_t width, uint16_t height) {

        xcb_get_property_cookie_t wm_type_cookie, strut_cookie, state_cookie,
                                  utf8_title_cookie, title_cookie, class_cookie;
        uint32_t mask = 0;
        uint32_t values[3];
        uint16_t original_height = height;

        /* We are interested in property changes */
        mask = XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK;
        values[0] = CHILD_EVENT_MASK;
        xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, child, mask, values);

        /* Map the window first to avoid flickering */
        xcb_map_window(conn, child);

        /* Place requests for properties ASAP */
        wm_type_cookie = xcb_get_any_property_unchecked(conn, false, child, atoms[_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE], UINT32_MAX);
        strut_cookie = xcb_get_any_property_unchecked(conn, false, child, atoms[_NET_WM_STRUT_PARTIAL], UINT32_MAX);
        state_cookie = xcb_get_any_property_unchecked(conn, false, child, atoms[_NET_WM_STATE], UINT32_MAX);
        utf8_title_cookie = xcb_get_any_property_unchecked(conn, false, child, atoms[_NET_WM_NAME], 128);
        title_cookie = xcb_get_any_property_unchecked(conn, false, child, WM_NAME, 128);
        class_cookie  = xcb_get_any_property_unchecked(conn, false, child, WM_CLASS, 128);

        Client *new = table_get(&by_child, child);

        /* Events for already managed windows should already be filtered in manage_window() */
        assert(new == NULL);

        LOG("reparenting new client\n");
        LOG("x = %d, y = %d, width = %d, height = %d\n", x, y, width, height);
        new = calloc(sizeof(Client), 1);
        new->force_reconfigure = true;

        /* Update the data structures */
        Client *old_focused = CUR_CELL->currently_focused;

        new->container = CUR_CELL;
        new->workspace = new->container->workspace;

        /* Minimum useful size for managed windows is 75x50 (primarily affects floating) */
        width = max(width, 75);
        height = max(height, 50);

        new->frame = xcb_generate_id(conn);
        new->child = child;
        new->rect.width = width;
        new->rect.height = height;
        /* Pre-initialize the values for floating */
        new->floating_rect.x = -1;
        new->floating_rect.width = width;
        new->floating_rect.height = height;

        mask = 0;

        /* Don’t generate events for our new window, it should *not* be managed */
        mask |= XCB_CW_OVERRIDE_REDIRECT;
        values[0] = 1;

        /* We want to know when… */
        mask |= XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK;
        values[1] = FRAME_EVENT_MASK;

        LOG("Reparenting 0x%08x under 0x%08x.\n", child, new->frame);

        i3Font *font = load_font(conn, config.font);
        width = min(width, c_ws->rect.x + c_ws->rect.width);
        height = min(height, c_ws->rect.y + c_ws->rect.height);

        Rect framerect = {x, y,
                          width + 2 + 2,                  /* 2 px border at each side */
                          height + 2 + 2 + font->height}; /* 2 px border plus font’s height */

        /* Yo dawg, I heard you like windows, so I create a window around your window… */
        new->frame = create_window(conn, framerect, XCB_WINDOW_CLASS_INPUT_OUTPUT, XCB_CURSOR_LEFT_PTR, mask, values);

        /* Set WM_STATE_NORMAL because GTK applications don’t want to drag & drop if we don’t.
         * Also, xprop(1) needs that to work. */
        long data[] = { XCB_WM_STATE_NORMAL, XCB_NONE };
        xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE, new->child, atoms[WM_STATE], atoms[WM_STATE], 32, 2, data);

        /* Put the client inside the save set. Upon termination (whether killed or normal exit
           does not matter) of the window manager, these clients will be correctly reparented
           to their most closest living ancestor (= cleanup) */
        xcb_change_save_set(conn, XCB_SET_MODE_INSERT, child);

        /* Generate a graphics context for the titlebar */
        new->titlegc = xcb_generate_id(conn);
        xcb_create_gc(conn, new->titlegc, new->frame, 0, 0);

        /* Moves the original window into the new frame we've created for it */
        new->awaiting_useless_unmap = true;
        xcb_void_cookie_t cookie = xcb_reparent_window_checked(conn, child, new->frame, 0, font->height);
        if (xcb_request_check(conn, cookie) != NULL) {
                LOG("Could not reparent the window, aborting\n");
                xcb_destroy_window(conn, new->frame);
                free(new);
                return;
        }

        /* Put our data structure (Client) into the table */
        table_put(&by_parent, new->frame, new);
        table_put(&by_child, child, new);

        /* We need to grab the mouse buttons for click to focus */
        xcb_grab_button(conn, false, child, XCB_EVENT_MASK_BUTTON_PRESS,
                        XCB_GRAB_MODE_SYNC, XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC, root, XCB_NONE,
                        1 /* left mouse button */,
                        XCB_BUTTON_MASK_ANY /* don’t filter for any modifiers */);

        xcb_grab_button(conn, false, child, XCB_EVENT_MASK_BUTTON_PRESS,
                        XCB_GRAB_MODE_SYNC, XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC, root, XCB_NONE,
                        1 /* left mouse button */, XCB_MOD_MASK_1);

        /* Get _NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE (to see if it’s a dock) */
        xcb_atom_t *atom;
        xcb_get_property_reply_t *preply = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, wm_type_cookie, NULL);
        if (preply != NULL && preply->value_len > 0 && (atom = xcb_get_property_value(preply))) {
                for (int i = 0; i < xcb_get_property_value_length(preply); i++)
                        if (atom[i] == atoms[_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DOCK]) {
                                LOG("Window is a dock.\n");
                                new->dock = true;
                                new->titlebar_position = TITLEBAR_OFF;
                                new->force_reconfigure = true;
                                new->container = NULL;
                                SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&(c_ws->screen->dock_clients), new, dock_clients);
                                /* If it’s a dock we can’t make it float, so we break */
                                break;
                        } else if (atom[i] == atoms[_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DIALOG] ||
                                   atom[i] == atoms[_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_UTILITY] ||
                                   atom[i] == atoms[_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_TOOLBAR] ||
                                   atom[i] == atoms[_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_SPLASH]) {
                                /* Set the dialog window to automatically floating, will be used below */
                                new->floating = FLOATING_AUTO_ON;
                                LOG("dialog/utility/toolbar/splash window, automatically floating\n");
                        }
        }

        if (new->workspace->auto_float) {
                new->floating = FLOATING_AUTO_ON;
                LOG("workspace is in autofloat mode, setting floating\n");
        }

        if (new->dock) {
                /* Get _NET_WM_STRUT_PARTIAL to determine the client’s requested height */
                uint32_t *strut;
                preply = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, strut_cookie, NULL);
                if (preply != NULL && preply->value_len > 0 && (strut = xcb_get_property_value(preply))) {
                        /* We only use a subset of the provided values, namely the reserved space at the top/bottom
                           of the screen. This is because the only possibility for bars is at to be at the top/bottom
                           with maximum horizontal size.
                           TODO: bars at the top */
                        new->desired_height = strut[3];
                        if (new->desired_height == 0) {
                                LOG("Client wanted to be 0 pixels high, using the window's height (%d)\n", original_height);
                                new->desired_height = original_height;
                        }
                        LOG("the client wants to be %d pixels high\n", new->desired_height);
                } else {
                        LOG("The client didn't specify space to reserve at the screen edge, using its height (%d)\n", original_height);
                        new->desired_height = original_height;
                }
        } else {
                /* If it’s not a dock, we can check on which workspace we should put it. */

                /* Firstly, we need to get the window’s class / title. We asked for the properties at the
                 * top of this function, get them now and pass them to our callback function for window class / title
                 * changes. It is important that the client was already inserted into the by_child table,
                 * because the callbacks won’t work otherwise. */
                preply = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, utf8_title_cookie, NULL);
                handle_windowname_change(NULL, conn, 0, new->child, atoms[_NET_WM_NAME], preply);

                preply = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, title_cookie, NULL);
                handle_windowname_change_legacy(NULL, conn, 0, new->child, WM_NAME, preply);

                preply = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, class_cookie, NULL);
                handle_windowclass_change(NULL, conn, 0, new->child, WM_CLASS, preply);

                LOG("DEBUG: should have all infos now\n");
                struct Assignment *assign;
                TAILQ_FOREACH(assign, &assignments, assignments) {
                        if (get_matching_client(conn, assign->windowclass_title, new) == NULL)
                                continue;

                        if (assign->floating) {
                                new->floating = FLOATING_AUTO_ON;
                                LOG("Assignment matches, putting client into floating mode\n");
                                break;
                        }

                        LOG("Assignment \"%s\" matches, so putting it on workspace %d\n",
                            assign->windowclass_title, assign->workspace);

                        if (c_ws->screen->current_workspace == (assign->workspace-1)) {
                                LOG("We are already there, no need to do anything\n");
                                break;
                        }

                        LOG("Changin container/workspace and unmapping the client\n");
                        Workspace *t_ws = &(workspaces[assign->workspace-1]);
                        if (t_ws->screen == NULL) {
                                LOG("initializing new workspace, setting num to %d\n", assign->workspace);
                                t_ws->screen = c_ws->screen;
                                /* Copy the dimensions from the virtual screen */
                                memcpy(&(t_ws->rect), &(t_ws->screen->rect), sizeof(Rect));
                        }

                        new->container = t_ws->table[t_ws->current_col][t_ws->current_row];
                        new->workspace = t_ws;
                        old_focused = new->container->currently_focused;

                        xcb_unmap_window(conn, new->frame);
                        break;
                }
        }

        if (CUR_CELL->workspace->fullscreen_client != NULL) {
                if (new->container == CUR_CELL) {
                        /* If we are in fullscreen, we should lower the window to not be annoying */
                        uint32_t values[] = { XCB_STACK_MODE_BELOW };
                        xcb_configure_window(conn, new->frame, XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_STACK_MODE, values);
                }
        } else if (!new->dock) {
                /* Focus the new window if we’re not in fullscreen mode and if it is not a dock window */
                if (new->container->workspace->fullscreen_client == NULL) {
                        if (new->floating <= FLOATING_USER_OFF)
                                new->container->currently_focused = new;
                        if (new->container == CUR_CELL)
                                xcb_set_input_focus(conn, XCB_INPUT_FOCUS_POINTER_ROOT, new->child, XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
                }
        }

        /* Insert into the currently active container, if it’s not a dock window */
        if (!new->dock && new->floating <= FLOATING_USER_OFF) {
                /* Insert after the old active client, if existing. If it does not exist, the
                   container is empty and it does not matter, where we insert it */
                if (old_focused != NULL && !old_focused->dock)
                        CIRCLEQ_INSERT_AFTER(&(new->container->clients), old_focused, new, clients);
                else CIRCLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&(new->container->clients), new, clients);

                SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&(new->container->workspace->focus_stack), new, focus_clients);

                client_set_below_floating(conn, new);
        }

        if (new->floating >= FLOATING_AUTO_ON) {
                SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&(new->workspace->focus_stack), new, focus_clients);

                /* Add the client to the list of floating clients for its workspace */
                TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&(new->workspace->floating_clients), new, floating_clients);

                new->container = NULL;

                new->floating_rect.x = new->rect.x = x;
                new->floating_rect.y = new->rect.y = y;
                new->rect.width = new->floating_rect.width + 2 + 2;
                new->rect.height = new->floating_rect.height + (font->height + 2 + 2) + 2;
                LOG("copying floating_rect from tiling (%d, %d) size (%d, %d)\n",
                                new->floating_rect.x, new->floating_rect.y,
                                new->floating_rect.width, new->floating_rect.height);
                LOG("outer rect (%d, %d) size (%d, %d)\n",
                                new->rect.x, new->rect.y, new->rect.width, new->rect.height);

                /* Make sure it is on top of the other windows */
                xcb_raise_window(conn, new->frame);
                reposition_client(conn, new);
                resize_client(conn, new);
                /* redecorate_window flushes */
                redecorate_window(conn, new);
        }

        new->initialized = true;

        /* Check if the window already got the fullscreen hint set */
        xcb_atom_t *state;
        if ((preply = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, state_cookie, NULL)) != NULL &&
            (state = xcb_get_property_value(preply)) != NULL)
                /* Check all set _NET_WM_STATEs */
                for (int i = 0; i < xcb_get_property_value_length(preply); i++) {
                        if (state[i] != atoms[_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN])
                                continue;
                        /* If the window got the fullscreen state, we just toggle fullscreen
                           and don’t event bother to redraw the layout – that would not change
                           anything anyways */
                        client_toggle_fullscreen(conn, new);
                        return;
                }

        render_layout(conn);
}