i3/i3-input/main.c

/*
 * vim:ts=8:expandtab
 *
 * i3 - an improved dynamic tiling window manager
 *
 * © 2009 Michael Stapelberg and contributors
 *
 * See file LICENSE for license information.
 *
 * i3-input/main.c: Utility which lets the user input commands and sends them
 * to i3.
 *
 */
#include <ev.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <limits.h>

#include <xcb/xcb.h>
#include <xcb/xcb_aux.h>
#include <xcb/xcb_event.h>
#include <xcb/xcb_keysyms.h>

#include <X11/keysym.h>

#include "keysym2ucs.h"

#include "i3-input.h"

static char *socket_path;
static int sockfd;
static xcb_key_symbols_t *symbols;
static int modeswitchmask;
static int numlockmask;
static bool modeswitch_active = false;
static xcb_window_t win;
static xcb_pixmap_t pixmap;
static xcb_gcontext_t pixmap_gc;
static char *glyphs_ucs[512];
static char *glyphs_utf8[512];
static int input_position;
static int font_height;
static char *command_prefix;
static char *prompt;
static int prompt_len;
static int limit;
xcb_window_t root;

/*
 * Try to get the socket path from X11 and return NULL if it doesn’t work.
 * As i3-msg is a short-running tool, we don’t bother with cleaning up the
 * connection and leave it up to the operating system on exit.
 *
 */
static char *socket_path_from_x11() {
        xcb_connection_t *conn;
        int screen;
        if ((conn = xcb_connect(NULL, &screen)) == NULL ||
            xcb_connection_has_error(conn))
                return NULL;
        xcb_screen_t *root_screen = xcb_aux_get_screen(conn, screen);
        xcb_window_t root = root_screen->root;

        xcb_intern_atom_cookie_t atom_cookie;
        xcb_intern_atom_reply_t *atom_reply;

        atom_cookie = xcb_intern_atom(conn, 0, strlen("I3_SOCKET_PATH"), "I3_SOCKET_PATH");
        atom_reply = xcb_intern_atom_reply(conn, atom_cookie, NULL);
        if (atom_reply == NULL)
                return NULL;

        xcb_get_property_cookie_t prop_cookie;
        xcb_get_property_reply_t *prop_reply;
        prop_cookie = xcb_get_property_unchecked(conn, false, root, atom_reply->atom,
                                                 XCB_GET_PROPERTY_TYPE_ANY, 0, PATH_MAX);
        prop_reply = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, prop_cookie, NULL);
        if (prop_reply == NULL || xcb_get_property_value_length(prop_reply) == 0)
                return NULL;
        if (asprintf(&socket_path, "%.*s", xcb_get_property_value_length(prop_reply),
                     (char*)xcb_get_property_value(prop_reply)) == -1)
                return NULL;
        return socket_path;
}

/*
 * Concats the glyphs (either UCS-2 or UTF-8) to a single string, suitable for
 * rendering it (UCS-2) or sending it to i3 (UTF-8).
 *
 */
static uint8_t *concat_strings(char **glyphs, int max) {
        uint8_t *output = calloc(max+1, 4);
        uint8_t *walk = output;
        for (int c = 0; c < max; c++) {
                printf("at %c\n", glyphs[c][0]);
                /* if the first byte is 0, this has to be UCS2 */
                if (glyphs[c][0] == '\0') {
                        memcpy(walk, glyphs[c], 2);
                        walk += 2;
                } else {
                        strcpy((char*)walk, glyphs[c]);
                        walk += strlen(glyphs[c]);
                }
        }
        printf("output = %s\n", output);
        return output;
}

/*
 * Handles expose events (redraws of the window) and rendering in general. Will
 * be called from the code with event == NULL or from X with event != NULL.
 *
 */
static int handle_expose(void *data, xcb_connection_t *conn, xcb_expose_event_t *event) {
        printf("expose!\n");

        /* re-draw the background */
        xcb_rectangle_t border = {0, 0, 500, font_height + 8}, inner = {2, 2, 496, font_height + 8 - 4};
        xcb_change_gc_single(conn, pixmap_gc, XCB_GC_FOREGROUND, get_colorpixel(conn, "#FF0000"));
        xcb_poly_fill_rectangle(conn, pixmap, pixmap_gc, 1, &border);
        xcb_change_gc_single(conn, pixmap_gc, XCB_GC_FOREGROUND, get_colorpixel(conn, "#000000"));
        xcb_poly_fill_rectangle(conn, pixmap, pixmap_gc, 1, &inner);

        /* restore font color */
        xcb_change_gc_single(conn, pixmap_gc, XCB_GC_FOREGROUND, get_colorpixel(conn, "#FFFFFF"));
        uint8_t *con = concat_strings(glyphs_ucs, input_position);
        char *full_text = (char*)con;
        if (prompt != NULL) {
                full_text = malloc((prompt_len + input_position) * 2 + 1);
                if (full_text == NULL)
                        err(EXIT_FAILURE, "malloc() failed\n");
                memcpy(full_text, prompt, prompt_len * 2);
                memcpy(full_text + (prompt_len * 2), con, input_position * 2);
        }
        xcb_image_text_16(conn, input_position + prompt_len, pixmap, pixmap_gc, 4 /* X */,
                          font_height + 2 /* Y = baseline of font */, (xcb_char2b_t*)full_text);

        /* Copy the contents of the pixmap to the real window */
        xcb_copy_area(conn, pixmap, win, pixmap_gc, 0, 0, 0, 0, /* */ 500, font_height + 8);
        xcb_flush(conn);
        free(con);
        if (prompt != NULL)
                free(full_text);

        return 1;
}

/*
 * Deactivates the Mode_switch bit upon release of the Mode_switch key.
 *
 */
static int handle_key_release(void *ignored, xcb_connection_t *conn, xcb_key_release_event_t *event) {
        printf("releasing %d, state raw = %d\n", event->detail, event->state);

        /* fix state */
        event->state &= ~numlockmask;

        xcb_keysym_t sym = xcb_key_press_lookup_keysym(symbols, event, event->state);
        if (sym == XK_Mode_switch) {
                printf("Mode switch disabled\n");
                modeswitch_active = false;
        }

        return 1;
}

static void finish_input() {
        uint8_t *command = concat_strings(glyphs_utf8, input_position);
        char *full_command = (char*)command;
        /* prefix the command if a prefix was specified on commandline */
        if (command_prefix != NULL) {
                if (asprintf(&full_command, "%s%s", command_prefix, command) == -1)
                        err(EXIT_FAILURE, "asprintf() failed\n");
        }
        printf("command = %s\n", full_command);

        ipc_send_message(sockfd, strlen(full_command), 0, (uint8_t*)full_command);

#if 0
        free(command);
        return 1;
#endif
        exit(0);
}

/*
 * Handles keypresses by converting the keycodes to keysymbols, then the
 * keysymbols to UCS-2. If the conversion succeeded, the glyph is saved in the
 * internal buffers and displayed in the input window.
 *
 * Also handles backspace (deleting one character) and return (sending the
 * command to i3).
 *
 */
static int handle_key_press(void *ignored, xcb_connection_t *conn, xcb_key_press_event_t *event) {
        printf("Keypress %d, state raw = %d\n", event->detail, event->state);

        /* fix state */
        if (modeswitch_active)
                event->state |= modeswitchmask;

        /* Apparantly, after activating numlock once, the numlock modifier
         * stays turned on (use xev(1) to verify). So, to resolve useful
         * keysyms, we remove the numlock flag from the event state */
        event->state &= ~numlockmask;

        xcb_keysym_t sym = xcb_key_press_lookup_keysym(symbols, event, event->state);
        if (sym == XK_Mode_switch) {
                printf("Mode switch enabled\n");
                modeswitch_active = true;
                return 1;
        }

        if (sym == XK_Return)
                finish_input();

        if (sym == XK_BackSpace) {
                if (input_position == 0)
                        return 1;

                input_position--;
                free(glyphs_ucs[input_position]);
                free(glyphs_utf8[input_position]);

                handle_expose(NULL, conn, NULL);
                return 1;
        }
        if (sym == XK_Escape) {
                exit(0);
        }

        /* TODO: handle all of these? */
        printf("is_keypad_key = %d\n", xcb_is_keypad_key(sym));
        printf("is_private_keypad_key = %d\n", xcb_is_private_keypad_key(sym));
        printf("xcb_is_cursor_key = %d\n", xcb_is_cursor_key(sym));
        printf("xcb_is_pf_key = %d\n", xcb_is_pf_key(sym));
        printf("xcb_is_function_key = %d\n", xcb_is_function_key(sym));
        printf("xcb_is_misc_function_key = %d\n", xcb_is_misc_function_key(sym));
        printf("xcb_is_modifier_key = %d\n", xcb_is_modifier_key(sym));

        if (xcb_is_modifier_key(sym) || xcb_is_cursor_key(sym))
                return 1;

        printf("sym = %c (%d)\n", sym, sym);

        /* convert the keysym to UCS */
        uint16_t ucs = keysym2ucs(sym);
        if ((int16_t)ucs == -1) {
                fprintf(stderr, "Keysym could not be converted to UCS, skipping\n");
                return 1;
        }

        /* store the UCS into a string */
        uint8_t inp[3] = {(ucs & 0xFF00) >> 8, (ucs & 0xFF), 0};

        printf("inp[0] = %02x, inp[1] = %02x, inp[2] = %02x\n", inp[0], inp[1], inp[2]);
        /* convert it to UTF-8 */
        char *out = convert_ucs_to_utf8((char*)inp);
        printf("converted to %s\n", out);

        glyphs_ucs[input_position] = malloc(3 * sizeof(uint8_t));
        if (glyphs_ucs[input_position] == NULL)
                err(EXIT_FAILURE, "malloc() failed\n");
        memcpy(glyphs_ucs[input_position], inp, 3);
        glyphs_utf8[input_position] = strdup(out);
        input_position++;

        if (input_position == limit)
                finish_input();

        handle_expose(NULL, conn, NULL);
        return 1;
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
        socket_path = getenv("I3SOCK");
        char *pattern = "-misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--13-120-75-75-C-70-iso10646-1";
        int o, option_index = 0;

        static struct option long_options[] = {
                {"socket", required_argument, 0, 's'},
                {"version", no_argument, 0, 'v'},
                {"limit", required_argument, 0, 'l'},
                {"prompt", required_argument, 0, 'P'},
                {"prefix", required_argument, 0, 'p'},
                {"font", required_argument, 0, 'f'},
                {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
                {0, 0, 0, 0}
        };

        char *options_string = "s:p:P:f:l:vh";

        while ((o = getopt_long(argc, argv, options_string, long_options, &option_index)) != -1) {
                switch (o) {
                        case 's':
                                FREE(socket_path);
                                socket_path = strdup(optarg);
                                break;
                        case 'v':
                                printf("i3-input " I3_VERSION);
                                return 0;
                        case 'p':
                                FREE(command_prefix);
                                command_prefix = strdup(optarg);
                                break;
                        case 'l':
                                limit = atoi(optarg);
                                break;
                        case 'P':
                                FREE(prompt);
                                prompt = strdup(optarg);
                                break;
                        case 'f':
                                FREE(pattern);
                                pattern = strdup(optarg);
                                break;
                        case 'h':
                                printf("i3-input " I3_VERSION);
                                printf("i3-input [-s <socket>] [-p <prefix>] [-l <limit>] [-P <prompt>] [-f <font>] [-v]\n");
                                return 0;
                }
        }

        if (socket_path == NULL)
                socket_path = socket_path_from_x11();

        if (socket_path == NULL)
                socket_path = "/tmp/i3-ipc.sock";

        sockfd = connect_ipc(socket_path);

        if (prompt != NULL)
                prompt = convert_utf8_to_ucs2(prompt, &prompt_len);

        int screens;
        xcb_connection_t *conn = xcb_connect(NULL, &screens);
        if (xcb_connection_has_error(conn))
                die("Cannot open display\n");

        xcb_screen_t *root_screen = xcb_aux_get_screen(conn, screens);
        root = root_screen->root;

        modeswitchmask = get_mod_mask(conn, XK_Mode_switch);
        numlockmask = get_mod_mask(conn, XK_Num_Lock);
	symbols = xcb_key_symbols_alloc(conn);

        uint32_t font_id = get_font_id(conn, pattern, &font_height);

        /* Open an input window */
        win = open_input_window(conn, 500, font_height + 8);

        /* Create pixmap */
        pixmap = xcb_generate_id(conn);
        pixmap_gc = xcb_generate_id(conn);
        xcb_create_pixmap(conn, root_screen->root_depth, pixmap, win, 500, font_height + 8);
        xcb_create_gc(conn, pixmap_gc, pixmap, 0, 0);

        /* Set input focus (we have override_redirect=1, so the wm will not do
         * this for us) */
        xcb_set_input_focus(conn, XCB_INPUT_FOCUS_POINTER_ROOT, win, XCB_CURRENT_TIME);

        /* Create graphics context */
        xcb_change_gc_single(conn, pixmap_gc, XCB_GC_FONT, font_id);

        /* Grab the keyboard to get all input */
        xcb_flush(conn);

        /* Try (repeatedly, if necessary) to grab the keyboard. We might not
         * get the keyboard at the first attempt because of the keybinding
         * still being active when started via a wm’s keybinding. */
        xcb_grab_keyboard_cookie_t cookie;
        xcb_grab_keyboard_reply_t *reply = NULL;

        int count = 0;
        while ((reply == NULL || reply->status != XCB_GRAB_STATUS_SUCCESS) && (count++ < 500)) {
                cookie = xcb_grab_keyboard(conn, false, win, XCB_CURRENT_TIME, XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC, XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC);
                reply = xcb_grab_keyboard_reply(conn, cookie, NULL);
                usleep(1000);
        }

        if (reply->status != XCB_GRAB_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
                fprintf(stderr, "Could not grab keyboard, status = %d\n", reply->status);
                exit(-1);
        }

        xcb_flush(conn);

        xcb_generic_event_t *event;
        while ((event = xcb_wait_for_event(conn)) != NULL) {
                if (event->response_type == 0) {
                        fprintf(stderr, "X11 Error received! sequence %x\n", event->sequence);
                        continue;
                }

                /* Strip off the highest bit (set if the event is generated) */
                int type = (event->response_type & 0x7F);

                switch (type) {
                        case XCB_KEY_PRESS:
                                handle_key_press(NULL, conn, (xcb_key_press_event_t*)event);
                                break;

                        case XCB_KEY_RELEASE:
                                handle_key_release(NULL, conn, (xcb_key_release_event_t*)event);
                                break;

                        case XCB_EXPOSE:
                                handle_expose(NULL, conn, (xcb_expose_event_t*)event);
                                break;
                }

                free(event);
        }

        return 0;
}